1.4

• Safe disposal of mining waste

  • Mine waste must be stored to prevent colapse
  • Site of the mine waste should prevent chances of water pollution
  • The waste must be constantly monitored
• Land restoration

  • After landfilling the mining site, mine waste can be covered by a layer of soil
  • After improving soil fertility, trees can be planted in the area helping a ecosystem regrow
• Bioremediation

  a process of removing pollutants from waste using living organisms.

  • In situ treatment: Treatment of contaminated waste where it is left.
  • Ex situ treatment: Removal of contaminated waste to a treatment plan
• Making lakes and natural reserves

  • Introducing diffrent herb and spices and as their population grows they create habitats for different species. This becomes a nature reserve and becomes a valuable greeen space for human recreation in the hopes of maintaining biodiversity.
• Using Landfill sites

  • Landfilling: THe waste is tipped into a hole and from tiem to time it's leveled off and compacted
  • Sanitary Landfilling: the waste is used to fill the hole, but alternating layers of waste and sand are used.
• Restoration of open pit mine

  • The open pit mine is filled with alternating layers of mine waste and rock. Then, a layer of topsoil is introduced. Soil fertility is increased using compost. Once fertility is high trees are planted