The Endocrine system

• Define the endocrine system

  -a network of glands across the body that manufacture and secrete hormones.

  -it works with the nervous system to regulate phsyiological process
• Define hormones

  -chemical messangers in the bloodstream
• Define a gland

  An organ in the body that forms substances such as hormones
• Define the pituitary gland

  -Controlled by the hypothalamus

  -referred to as the master gland 

   
• Outline the two lobes the pituitary gland is split into

  -divded into anterior(front) and posterior(rear) lobes
• Outline the anterior lobe

  -releases the adrenocortical trophic hormone(ACTH) which stimulates the adrenal cortex and release of cortisol
• Outline the posterior lobe

  Release oxytocin which is responsible for uterus contractions during childbirth
• Outline the Pineal gland

  -releases melatonin which is responsible for important biological rhythms including the sleep-wake cycle
• Outline the thyroid

  -releases thyroxine which is responsible for regulating metabolism
• Outline the ovaries

  -release oestrogen which controls regulation of female reproductive system including the menstrual cycle and pregnancy
• Outline the testes

  -Release androgens which include the main hormone testosterone

  -resposnible for the development of male sex characteristics duinrg puberty and muscle growth
• Outline the adrenal cortex

  -outer part of adrenal gland

  -releases cortisol which stimulates the release of glucose

  -produces hormones which are vital for life
• Outline the adrenal Medulla

  -inner part of adrenal gland

  -releases adrenaline responsible for Physiological changes in the fight or flight

  -hormones produced are not vital