Mitosis

• Mitosis


  a process of cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells from one parent cell.
• Interphase


  Not a part of mitosis but essential.
• Prophase


  The chromosomes condense and are now visible even with just using the ordinary light microscope.

   

  A chromosome consists of two sister chromatids attached to the single centromere.
• Kinetochore


  a special protein complex, appears at thr centromere
• Metaphase


  There are three microtubules in the spindle fibers: the astral, the polar, and the kinetochore.

   

  ·        ASTRAL MICROTUBULES

  Those that grow only near the centrosome (the structure with the centrioles).

   

  ·        POLAR MICROTUBUOLES

  GROW AWAY FROM THE CENTROSOME.

   

  ·        KINETOCHORE MICROTUBULES

  ARE THE ONLY ONES ATTACHED TO THE KINETOCHORE.
• Anaphase

  Anaphase A, the kinetochore microtubules           of the spindle fibers separate and move the sister chromatids toward opposite poles.

   

  ANAPHASE B, the polar microtubules begin to elongate, while the astral microtubules pull them on the other side.
• Telophase


  Cytokinesis continues with the visible appearance of the cleavage furrow, a groove on the cell membrane between the poles usually observed in animal cells.
• Cleavage furrow


  is produced when the contractile ring, which is made of proteins, constricts the middle of the cell.
• Cell plate


  involved in forming the cell wall of each daughter cell in plants.