inferential testing

• 3 features of statistical test?

  1. difference or correlation
  2. level of data
  3. experimental design
• explain difference or correlation?

  need to know if a study is test of difference or if looking for relationship between 2 variables
• words that show its correlational study?

  link

  association

  relationship

  correlation
• explain level of data?

  nominal

  ordinal

  interval
• explain nominal data?

  categories

  no unit of measurement
• explain ordinal data?

  rankings/ratings not on fixed scale

  often in questionnaire/self report method
• explain interval data?

  data on fixed scale

  e.g time in seconds, height in cm
• explain experimental design?

  could be using independent design

  could be related - matched pairs or repeated design
• draw the statistical table?

  draw

  
• observed value abbreviations examples?

  speamans rho - Rs value

  sign test - S value

  wilcoxon - T value

  mann whitney - U value

  chi squared - x2 value

  pearsons r - P value

  t tests - T value
• how to analyse inferential stats?

  1. whether one tailed/two tailed hypothesis has been used
  2. number of participants used (n)
  3. what level of significance is used - p<0.05 p<0.01
  4. check whether observed value is greater than less than or same as critical value to see whether data is significant
• explain degrees of freedom?

  number of independent values/quantities which can be assigned to a stats distribution that are free to vary
• stucture of answer for significant results?

  as the observed value of ... is greater/less/equal to critical value for one/two tailed test for n (how many participants there are) results are therefore significant/not significant at p<0.05 or p<0.01
• Sign test?

  • repeated measures
  • nominal data
  • test of difference
• Sign test calculation?

  • S - smallest value
  • N - number of participants
  • P - probability
  • CV - critical value