types of LTM

• what are the 3 types of long term memory?

  1. episodic
  2. semantic
  3. procedural
• outline episodic memory

  memory of autobiographical events that's explicitly stated
• what does episodic memories include?

  • times
  • places
  • emotions
  • contextual information
• what are the key factors of episodic memories?

  • time stamped = know when the memory was made
  • declarative = you have to consciously search for memory
• give an example of an episodic memory

  remembering your 6th birthday party
• outline semantic memory

  generic memory of conscious recollection of factual knowledge
• what does semantic memories tend to include?

  • meanings
  • understandings
  • concept-based knowledge
• what are the key factors of semantic memory?

  • not time-stamped
  • declarative
• provide an example of a semantic memory

  the capital city of italy
• outline what procedural memory is

  memory for performance of particular type of action
• explain the role of the procedural memory

  guides processes we perform and resides below conscious awareness
• how is procedural memories retrieved?

  immediately and utilised for execution of procedures using cognitive and motor skills
• what are the key factors of procedural memory?

  • not time-stamped
  • non-declarative = don't need to be consciously recalled
• give an example of a procedural memory

  tying shoelaces
• strength - neuroscientific evidence

  • Tulving used PET scans
  • localisation of function
  • objective evidence
• strength - case studies

  • Clive Wearing & HM
  • existence of separate stores
  • lacked generalisability
• strength - real-world relevance

  • practical application
  • treatment of amnesia and alzheimer
  • useful in clinical psychology