MSM

• who proposed the multi-store model of memory?

  Atkinson & Shiffrin in 1968

  
• what are the main 3 components of the MSM?

  1. sensory register
  2. short-term memory
  3. long-term memory
• outline the role of the sensory register

  where sensory stimuli from environment is stored
• what's the duration of the sensory register?

  less than 1/2 a second

  • unless paid attention to
• what's the capacity of the sensory register?

  quite large
• how is information coded in the sensory register?

  divided by the different senses

  • iconic = images
  • echoic = sounds
• outline the role of the short-term memory

  if stimulus is paid attention to it, it enters the STM to be stored
• how is information kept in the STM?

  maintenance rehearsal
• explain what maintenance rehearsal is

  repeating something over and over again
• what's the capacity of the STM?

  7 chunks of information
• what's the duration of the STM?

  around 30 seconds unless rehearsed
• how is information encoded in the STM?

  acoustically
• outline the role of the long-term memory

  if information is rehearsed for a long period of time, it transfers to the LTM
• how is information coded in the LTM?

  semantically
• what's the capacity of the LTM?

  unlimited
• what's the duration of the LTM?

  unlimited
• how is information recalled from the LTM?

  retrieved from LTM and moved into STM
• what study undermined the importance of the maintenance loop?

  tulving
• outline the method of tulving's study

  • 24 participants show list of 60 words
  • had to recall with different types of processing

  1. shallow - was word in capital letters or lowercase?
  2. deep - tested meaning of the word
  3. auditory - does the word rhyme?
• what were the findings of tulving's study?

  • participants had better recall when words were deeply processed
  • type of processing impacts how memory is stored
• strength - research support

  • HM case study
  • couldn't form long-term memories but could form short-term memories
  • lacks generalisability as it's a case study
• weakness - simplified

  • working memory model had different types of short-term memory
  • dual task studies reiterated that
  • multi store model is simplistic
• weakness - undermining evidence

  • Brown and Kulik
  • flashbulb memories with high emotion doesn't require rehearsal
  • challenges assumptions