Greek Architecture

• What is the principal mineral product for building in Greek architecture?

  Marble
• How does the geographical influence affect Greek architecture?

  It favors purity of line and refinement of detail.
• What are the other minerals mentioned that were used in Greek architecture?

  Silver, copper, and iron
• What climatic conditions influenced the development of porticos in Greek architecture?

  Hot sun and heavy rains
• Who is the chief of the gods in Greek mythology?

  Zeus
• What was the role of priests in Greek religious practices?

  They served for a limited period of time.
• What is the term for the principal chamber of a Greek temple?

  Naos
• What are the three kinds of Mycenaean walls mentioned?

  Cyclopean, rectangular, and polygonal
• What are the main characteristics of the Doric order in Greek architecture?

  • No base, stands on the crepidoma
  • Usually has 20 flutings
  • Capital consists of abacus and echinus
  • Entablature includes architrave and frieze
• What are the different types of temples based on the number of columns?

  1. Distyle
  2. Tristyle
  3. Tetrastyle
  4. Pentastyle
  5. Hexastyle
  6. Heptastyle
  7. Octastyle
  8. Enneastyle
  9. Decastyle
• What are the types of temples based on column placement?

  1. In Antis
  2. Amphi Antis
  3. Prostyle
  4. Amphi Prostyle
  5. Peripheral
  6. Dipteral
  7. Pseudo-Peripteral
  8. Pseudo-Dipteral
  9. Tholos
• What is the significance of the Temple of Zeus in Olympia?

  It housed the Statue of Zeus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
• What is the purpose of the agora in Greek architecture?

  It served as an open meeting place for public business and a marketplace.
• What is the function of the stoa in Greek architecture?

  It provided protection for pilgrims and connections between public monuments.
• What is the role of the hypodrome in ancient Greek society?

  It was used for horse and chariot racing.
• Who were the architects of the Parthenon in Athens?

  Ictinus and Callicrates
• What is the significance of the Tomb of Halicarnassus?

  It is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
• How does the Corinthian order differ from the Doric and Ionic orders?

  It features a more elaborate capital with acanthus leaves and volutes.
• What are the main components of the Corinthian capital?

  • 2 layers of acanthus leaves
  • Volutes
  • Abacus
• What are the main features of the theatre in ancient Greece?

  • Orchestra for VIPs
  • Cavea for audience seating
  • Skene as the scene building
  • Proscenium as the stage
• What is the architectural term for the triangular surface of a pediment?

  Tympanum
• What is the purpose of the caryatids in Greek architecture?

  They serve as architectural supports in place of columns.
• What is the term for the enclosed porch in Mycenaean architecture?

  Megaron
• What is the significance of the Temple of Apollo Epicurius?

  It features both Ionic and Corinthian columns inside.
• How did the mountainous character of Greece affect its inhabitants?

  It isolated them into small groups.
• What is the architectural term for the space between columns?

  Inter-columnation