International relations, 1962-1966

• What years does the key chronology of international relations cover in this material?


  1962-1966
• What was a significant event in 1963 related to international relations?

  The Nuclear Test Ban Treaty between the USSR and the USA was signed.
• What incident in August 1964 escalated the Vietnam War?

  The Gulf of Tonkin incident.
• What was the outcome of the Cuban missile crisis in October 1962?


  The crisis was resolved when Khrushchev agreed to withdraw missiles from Cuba.
• What was the main source of tension between the PRC and the USSR?

  A border dispute over Xinjiang.
• What agreement was made between the PRC and the USSR after the Communist victory in China in 1949?


  They agreed to cooperate in developing Xinjiang's mineral wealth.
• How did the USSR's support during the China-India war in 1962 affect Sino-Soviet relations?

  The USSR supplied India with military support, which strained relations with China.
• What was Mao's criticism of Khrushchev's actions during the Cuban missile crisis?

  Mao described Khrushchev's withdrawal of missiles as a surrender.
• What did the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty aim to achieve?

  To stop testing nuclear weapons in the atmosphere.
• What was the Chinese government's stance on nuclear weapons as stated in their declaration?

  China will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.
• How did the Chinese government view the development of nuclear weapons?

  They aimed to break the nuclear monopoly of nuclear powers.
• What was the first test explosion of an atomic bomb conducted by China?

  It occurred in 1964.
• What was the Chinese response to the Vietnam War?

  China was cautious and watchful, providing training and supplies to North Vietnam.
• What were the implications of the Gulf of Tonkin incident for US involvement in Vietnam?

  It led to increased American military involvement in the Vietnam War.
• What was the role of the USSR in the Vietnam War?

  The USSR was the main ally and supplier of arms and aid to North Vietnam.
• Who were the Vietcong?

  A National Liberation Front that emerged in South Vietnam to fight against the South Vietnamese leadership.
• How did the Chinese military leadership respond to the growing American involvement in the Vietnam War?

  It led to divisions within the Chinese military and political leadership.
• What was Lin Biao's military strategy regarding the PLA during the Vietnam War?

  He focused on increasing the PLA's capabilities and preparing for a potential invasion.
• What was the outcome of the conflict between Lan Nao and Loo Ruiging?

  Lan was purged in March 1966.
• What were the key factors that led to the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations from 1962 to 1966?

  • Border disputes over Xinjiang
  • USSR's support for India during the China-India war
  • Disagreements over nuclear weapons policy
  • Diverging interests in the Vietnam War
• What were the implications of China's acquisition of nuclear weapons during the Cold War?

  • Asserted China's independence on the world stage
  • Increased tensions with the USSR and the USA
  • Aimed to break the nuclear monopoly of superpowers
  • Led to a cautious approach in international conflicts
• What were the main events and outcomes of the Vietnam War involving China?

  • China trained North Vietnamese forces
  • Supplied arms and equipment to North Vietnam
  • No direct military involvement from China
  • Cautious response to American escalation in Vietnam