circulatory system

• What is another name for the circulatory system?

  The cardiovascular system
• What does blood transport in the body?


  Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, vitamins, and minerals
• What is blood composed of?

  A combination of plasma and cells
• What is the function of plasma in blood?

  It carries salts, proteins, hormones, gases, products of digestion, and waste products
• What organ pumps blood around the body?

  The heart
• Where do blood cells develop?

  In the bone marrow
• What is the process of blood cell development called?

  Haematopoiesis
• What are the main types of blood cells?

  Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
• What are granulocytes?

  Blood cells with granules in their cytoplasm and a lobed nucleus
• What are agranulocytes?

  Blood cells without granules in their cytoplasm and a large unlobed nucleus
• What are the two types of circulatory systems?

  • Open Circulatory Systems
  • Closed Circulatory Systems
• What is an open circulatory system?

  A system where blood does not stay in blood vessels
• What is haemolymph?

  The fluid that circulates in an open circulatory system
• How is circulation achieved in an open circulatory system?

  By animal movement and the heart relaxing to draw blood back
• What characterizes a closed circulatory system?


  It has a heart and blood vessels where blood mostly stays in the vessels
• What is a single closed circulatory system?

  Blood flows through the heart once
• What is a double closed circulatory system?

  Blood flows through the heart twice
• What is the vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

  The aorta
• What is the vessel that carries deoxygenated blood back to the heart?

  The vena cava
• What is the vessel that carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart?

  The pulmonary artery
• What is the vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the lungs?

  The pulmonary vein
• What are the two routes of circulation in a double circulatory system?

  • Pulmonary circulation: Blood flow between the heart and lungs
  • Systemic circulation: Blood flow between the heart and the rest of the body
• Why do mammals have a double circulatory system?


  To maintain high blood pressure and efficiently deliver oxygen and nutrients
• What is the structure of an animal's body organized into?(8)

  • Atoms
  • Molecules
  • Macromolecules
  • Organelles
  • Cells
  • Tissues
  • Organs
  • Organ systems
  • Organism
• circulatory system?It is analogous to a motorway system

  • Transports nutrients, gases, and wastes throughout the body
• What are the components of blood?

  • Plasma
  • Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
  • White blood cells (leucocytes)
  • Platelets (thrombocytes)
• What are the functions of blood?


  1. Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide
  2. Distribution of nutrients and waste products
  3. Regulation of body temperature and pH
• What are the types of white blood cells?

  1. Granulocytes
  2. Agranulocytes
• What is the difference between open and closed circulatory systems?

  • Open: Blood does not stay in vessels; seen in primitive animals
  • Closed: Blood mostly stays in vessels; has a heart and blood vessels
• What are the characteristics of a single closed circulatory system?

  • Blood flows through the heart once
  • Blood pressure drops as it gets further from the heart
• What are the characteristics of a double closed circulatory system?

  • Blood flows through the heart twice
  • High blood pressure to deliver oxygen and nutrients
• What is the role of lung capillaries?

  • Facilitate gas exchange between blood and air in the lungs
• the role of capillaries in body cells and organs is to allow the exchange of nutrients and waste products between blood and tissues