Exercises

• Range-of-motion Exercises (ROM)

  Active ROM - Done by the patient; increases and maintains muscle tone and joint mobility
• Range-of-motion Exercises (ROM)

  Passive ROM - Done for the patient; maintains joint mobility
• Range-of-motion Exercises (ROM)

  Active - Assistive ROM - Patient moves body part as far as possible and the nurse completes the exercise; or the stronger arm and leg perform exercises to the weaker arm and leg
• Range-of-motion Exercises (ROM)

  Active - Resistive ROM - Contraction of muscle against an opposing force or weight; increases muscle power
• Isotonic exercise


  Involves change in both muscle length and tension
• Isometric exercise


  Active exercise that involves alternate contraction and relaxation of muscle; no joint movement; the length of muscle does not change; maintains muscle strength and size
• Isometric Exercises

  Hamstring or quadriceps setting

  • Alternate tension and relaxation of thigh muscles; client pushes the back of the knee against the mattress to contract thigh muscles, then relax
• Isometric Exercises

  Hamstring or quadriceps setting

  • Strengthens the thigh muscles in preparation for ambulation and crutch-walking gait; prevents thrombophlebitis
• Isometric Exercises

  Gluteal setting

  • Alternate tension and relaxation of gluteus muscles; client presses the buttocks together, then release; prevents thrombophlebitis
• Isometric Exercises

   Kegel's exercise

  • Alternate tension and relaxation of pubococcygeal muscles; helps regain control of voiding among incontinent clients