Sociologists education

• Douglas (1964)-working class parents places less value on education for their children
• What did Douglas (1984) suggest about parents' values on education?


  Parents place less value on education
• Hyman and sugarman -attitudes and values of parents are passed onto their children
• nell keddie(1973) working class children are culturally deprived not culturally different
• Bernstein and young (1964) found middle class mothers were more likely to buy educational toys
• Feinstein note that parental education has an influence on children’s achievement , the higher the parents qualifications the more likely children are to succeed
• Bernstein and feinstein -the language used in w homes is limited and deficient

  * evaluation

  not the responsibility of the children it is the responsibility of the school when dealing with the wc standard
• Sugarman- values and attitudes are passes on to children through socialisation and have effect on achievement

  wc have this attitude because wc jobs are less secure

  *evaluation

  -the myth of cultural deprivation (nell keddie 1973)

  We children are culturally different not culturally deprived
• Richard Wilkinson (1996), among ten year olds, the lower the social class the higher the rate of hyperactivity ,anxiety and conduct orders which all have a negative effect on education
• Marilyn Howard (2007)

  Young people from poor housing have Lower intake of energy.poor nutrition affects health which can result in more absences due to illness
• children from poor families have o do without equipment and miss out on experiences . David bull (1980) refers to. this as the cost of free schooling
• Emily tanner (2003) found that the cost of tens such as transport, uniforms, books, computer places a heavy burden on poor people
• Nell keddie - describes cultural deprivation as a myth and sees it as a victim blaming explanation
• Basil bernstein- students from working lass backgrounds didn’t perform as well as those from higher social class in language- based subjects due to their use of restricted code
• Douglas - people dislike work, have little ambition and are willing to take responsibility
• Howard Becker (1971)

  interviewed 60 Chicago high schools teachers students were judged by how closely they fit the image of the ideal pupil

  they were mainly labelled off work conduct and appearance

  mc -closest to ideal

  wc- furthest to ideal
• Amelia hemped-jorgensen (2009)

  these notions vary according to the social class make up of the school

  -aspen primary school (mainly working class)

  staff stated discipline was a major problem

  ideal pupil:quiet, passive, obedient

  -Roman primary school (mainly middle class)

  very few discipline problems

  ideal pupil:was defined instead of terms off personality and academic ability
• dunone and gazeley (2008)

  -argue ad schools persistently provide wc underachievement because of the labels and assumptions of teachers
• ray rist (1970)

  study of American kindergarten

  teachers used information about children’s home background
• rosenthal and Jacobson

  told oak community school they had a new tesst to specifically identify pupils who would spurt head

  this was just an ia test

  they choose 20% of rudeness at random and said these were the spurts

  returning to the school a year later they found 47% of the identified spurts had made progress
• Becker- shows teachers do not usually see wc children as ideal pupils they have low expectations
• Douglas- kids who had been streamed since they were 8 had improved their iq by 11
• gillborn and youdell -found teachers are less likely to see wc and black pupils as having ability. As a result these pupils are more likely to be placed in lower steam school
• Colin Lacey (1970)

  found streaming polarised students into anti-school o pro-school
• Stephen ball

  takes the analysis a step further in his study of beachside a comprehensive that was in the process of abolishing banding