Human Rights

• World War II led to the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).
• UDHR adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 10, 1948.
• What Are Human Rights?

  • Defined by the United Nations as rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of nationality, race, gender, religion, or status.
• Key Principle: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
• Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).
• International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR).
• International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR).
• International Bill of Human Rights consists of the UDHR, ICCPR, and ICESCR.
• Civil and Political Rights: Embodied in Article III (Bill of Rights) of the 1987 Philippine Constitution.
• Article XII: National Economy and Patrimony.

  
  

  Article XIII: Social Justice and Human Rights (includes Labor, Agrarian Reform, Housing, Health, etc.).

  
  

  Article XIV: Education, Science, Technology, Arts, Culture, and Sports.

  
  

  Article XV: The Family.
• Inherent: They belong to all humans by virtue of being human.

  
  

  Universal: Apply to everyone, everywhere.

  
  

  Inalienable: Cannot be taken away.

  
  

  Indivisible: All rights are equally important.

  
  

  Interdependent: Each right supports the other.
• Types of Human Rights:

  • Civil and Political Rights
  • Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights
  • Collective Rights

  Obligations Corresponding to Human Rights

  • State's Duty
  • Individual Responsibility
• Civil and Political Rights

  • Right to life, liberty, property, and security.

  • Right to a fair trial.

  • Freedom of thought, conscience, religion, expression, and assembly.

  • Rights to due process and equal protection under the law.

  • Right to privacy, suffrage, and freedom from torture.
• Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights

  • Right to work, fair employment conditions, and social security.

  • Right to an adequate standard of living, including food, clothing, and shelter.

  • Right to health, education, and culture.
• Collective Rights

  • Right to a healthy environment.

  • Right to development.

  • Rights of Indigenous peoples.
• State's Duty

  •Respect, protect, and fulfill human rights under international law.

  •Comply with human rights instruments they are a party to.
• Individual Responsibility

  •Respect the human rights of others while enjoying our own.