Humanistic Approach

• Specification?

  Free will

  Self actualisation and Maslow's hierarchy of needs

  Focus on self

  Congruence

  Role of conditions of worth

  Influence of counselling psychology
• Different from other approaches?

  Contains free will, most positive approach which states you are responsible for the actions and no one else can determine how you behave.
• Approach rejects?


  Scientific methods
• Idiographic?


  Person-centred approach
• Main assumption of approach?


  Everyone has free will
• Free will?


  Having a choice in how we behave
• Maslow's hierarchy of needs

  Bottom is most vital

  
• Main rule of the hierarchy?


  Cannot go up to the next level without completing the needs in the beneath level
• Psychological needs?


  Air

  Water

  Shelter

  Clothes

  Reproduction

  Food

  Sleep
• Safety and Security?


  Personal security

  Employment

  Access to resources
• Love/Belonging?


  Friendship

  Family

  Intimacy

  Sense of connection
• Esteem?

  Strength

  Focus

  Recognition

  Self esteem

  Respect

  Status
• Self Actualisation?


  The desire to become the most one can be
• When Achieved?

  Live in awe, wonder and enjoy the world the surrounds them to the fullest.

  No dissatisfaction in their lives.

  Hierarchy of needs would be fully met.
• Who has achieved this?

  Albert Einstein
• How did he do this?


  Through his creatvity.
• Not everyone manages this.

  Psychological barriers prevent a person from reaching their fullest potential
• Psychologist involved?

  Carl Rodgers
• Basic human needs Rodgers shown interest in?


  Need of self worth and Need for unconditional positive regard.
• Self Worth + UPS emerge from?


  Good relationships with parents and friends.

  Direct impact on mental health/wellbeing.
• Unconditional Positive Regard?


  Showing complete support and acceptance of a person what they do or say
• UPS to CPS?


  Parents show UPS meaning they love them no matter what, However some parents place conditions of worth onto Children.

  Child has to meet standards or behave a certain way in order to be loved to the fullest.

  Now have CPS leads to conditions of worth.

  Child alters behaviour in order to feel acceptance.
• Conditions of Worth?


  Type of expectation where an individual feels their approval is dependant on meeting them in order to be accepted by people
• Incongruence feeling created?


  Experiencing self acceptance from meeting conditions of worth.
• Incongruence?


  Large gap between ideal self and Perceived Self
• Ideal Self?


  What you want yourself to be
• Perceived Self?


  What you are now
• Congruence?


  Agreement between ideal self and perceived self.
• Rogerian Counselling?


  Aims to close gap between actual self and ideal self
• Counselling called?

  Client centred approach
• 3 Things Counselling helps to do?

  Gain deeper understanding of themselves

  Make positive solutions for issues

  Achieve Self Actualisation
• Therapists Role?


  Provide UPS by expressing acceptance, empathy and understanding.
• Client feels supported?


  Conditions of worth that affected their self worth dissipate which enable them to work on themselves to be ideal self and behave how they want to behave.
• Strengths of Approach?

  1. Real life applications- Form of Therapy
  2. It is very hollistic
• Weaknesses of Approach?

  1. Not scientific, cannot be measured
  2. Very limited application beyond counselling.