Pre-industrial

• pre 1750 = pre industrial britain

  1750 - 1850 = industrial revolution

  1850 - onwards = post industrial
• social - what society look likes

  cultural - what is the effect of it
• SEALTAG

  • Social class
  • Education
  • Availability of money
  • Law and order
  • Transport
  • Availability of time
  • Gender
• Pre-industrial - social class

  • upper class - aristocracy or gentry who were hereditary landowners
  • lower class - peasant who worked manually
  • activities for lower class: mob football, dog fighting and prize fighting, simple and quite often violent and had few rules
  • activities for upper class: real tennis, fox hunting, these were sophisticated and had a complex set of rules or required money with which to participate, they had the money and education to develop this
  • Activities but both classes had different roles e.g pedestrianism
• Pre-industrial - gender

  • women participated in different activities
  • women had few rights
  • women were seen to be physically weaker and socially inferior , so weren't allowed to take part in sports which were seen as dangerous or strenuous
  • male dominated society
  • low class women - smock racing
  • upper class women - archery
• pre-industrial - law and order

  • uncivilised society with no police force
  • a lack of order and law allows for aggressive game e.g mob football
• pre-industrial - education and literacy

  • upper class - educated and literate (read and write), so could read and understand rules for more sophisticated activities like real tennis
  • lower class - uneducated and illiterate, simple and unsophisticated with few rules like mob football
• pre-industrial - availability of time

  • lower class - long manual working hours so lacked time and energy therefore many activities were often confined to festivals or holy days (annually)
  • upper class - lots of recreational time and therefore could be involved in activities which were longer lasting e.g fox hunting and cricket
• pre-industrial - availability of money

  • upper class - had more money and time so had more opportunities for involvement, they could afford horses, equipment and appropriate clothing
  • lower class - poor so activities were simple and natural
  • both classes associated with wagering/gambling but for different reasons
• pre-industrial - type and availability of transport

  • roads were in poor condition, preventing leaving their immediate village
  • upper class had horse and carriage
  • lower class transport limited so had to walk by foot
• Mob football

  • played by lower class
  • not a spectator sport
  • dominated by men
  • no rules except no murder
  • played of rare occasions
• cock fighting:

  • upper class watched
  • lower class participated in 'throwing at cocks'
  • special pits with a small fence
  • centred on gambling
• real tennis:

  • very complex rules
  • good for spectators
  • dominated by men
  • played by upper class
  • required specialist equipment and facilities
  • peaceful, good natured game
• Pedestrianism

  • A form of 19th century competitive walking. The lower class would compete and the upper class would be like sponsors
  • The lower class would compete and the upper class would be like sponsors