Meiosis

• What is the process by which gametes are produced?

  Meiosis
• How do gametes end up with half the number of chromosomes?


  Through the process of meiosis, which involves two cell divisions
• Where does meiosis occur in humans?


  In the ovaries of females and the testes of males
• What happens to genetic information before a cell starts to divide in meiosis?


  The genetic information is duplicated, forming two identical copies of each chromosome
• What occurs during the first division of meiosis?


  The chromosome pairs line up in the center of the cell and are then pulled apart
• How many gametes are produced at the end of meiosis?


  Four gametes
• Why are the gametes produced by meiosis genetically different from each other?


  Because the chromosomes are shuffled during meiosis
• What happens after two gametes fuse during fertilization?


  The resulting new cell divides by mitosis to make a copy of itself
• What is the role of mitosis after fertilization?


  To produce many new cells in an embryo
• How do cells differentiate as the embryo develops?

  They start to become different types of specialized cells
• How many chromosomes do human body cells contain?


  46 chromosomes
• What does the graph mentioned in the study material show?

  How the mass of DNA per cell changes as some cells divide by meiosis in a human ovary
• What is the significance of stage 6 in the context of meiosis?


  It indicates the number of chromosomes present in each cell