8.2 threats to American freedoms

• Who became the king of Britain before the French and Indian War ended?

  George III
• What did King George III want to do after the French and Indian War?


  He wanted to bring the American colonies under greater British control.
• Why did the British government not govern the colonies directly?


  Because of the 3,000 miles of ocean separating England from the New World.
• By the mid-1700s, what was the status of many colonists regarding their birthplace?


  Many colonists had been born in America and had never seen British soil.
• How did some colonists begin to view their identity in relation to Britain?

  They began to view themselves more as American colonists and less as British citizens.
• What was the colonists' reaction to King George tightening control over them?


  Opposition arose in the colonies.
• What was the purpose of the Stamp Act passed in 1765?


  To require colonists to pay a special tax on documents.
• What did the Stamp Act require for documents purchased by colonists?


  Documents had to have special stamps or seals affixed to them.
• Why did the colonists feel the Stamp Act was unjust?


  Because they had no representatives in Parliament to protect their rights.
• What was the response of the colonists to the Stamp Act?


  They refused to buy the stamps and British goods.
• What was the Stamp Act Congress?


  A meeting of men from nine colonies to complain to the king.
• What was the outcome of the Stamp Act in 1766?


  The British government felt forced to drop the Stamp Act.
• What new tax did the British government propose after the Stamp Act?


  A tax on glass, paint, paper, and tea.
• How did many colonists respond to the new tax on imported goods?


  Many colonists refused to buy the imported goods.
• What did those who wanted America to be free from British control become known as?

  Patriots.
• What event is referred to as the Boston Massacre?


  The incident where British soldiers killed five colonists in March 1770.
• Who was the first to die in the Boston Massacre?

  Crispus Attucks.
• What was the British government's response to the Boston Tea Party?


  They closed Boston Harbor until the citizens paid for the tea destroyed.
• What did the Quebec Act do that horrified the colonists?


  It extended Quebec's boundaries and made Catholicism its main religion.
• What was the purpose of the First Continental Congress in September 1774?


  To request that their rights as Englishmen be respected and to agree not to buy British goods.
• How did King George III respond to the First Continental Congress?


  He sent warships and more soldiers to the colonies.
• What did the minutemen do in preparation for conflict?


  They trained as soldiers and hid gunpowder and ammunition.
• Who was Lemuel Haynes?


  A black minuteman who joined the militia and later became a preacher.
• What was the significance of Patrick Henry's speech to the House of Burgesses?


  It emphasized the importance of fighting for liberty over living in oppression.
• What warning did Paul Revere and William Dawes give to the colonists?


  "The British are coming!"
• What event is referred to as "the shot heard 'round the world"?


  The first gunshot at Lexington that started the American War for Independence.
• What was the outcome of the battles of Lexington and Concord?


  The patriots forced the British to retreat with severe losses.
• What was still unclear after the battles of Lexington and Concord?


  Whether the colonists were fighting for their rights as British subjects or for independence.