3. Types of LTM

• Who proposed the different types of LTM?

  Tulving
• What are the 3 different LTM stores called?

  • Episodic
  • Semantic
  • Procedural
• What is episodic memory?


  • A LTM store for personal events, likened to a diary
  • Includes memories of when the events occurred and of the people, objects and places involved
  • Time stamped: you remember when they happened
  • Have to be retrieved consciously and with effort
• What is semantic memory?


  • A LTM store for our knowledge of the world
  • Includes facts and our knowledge of what words and concepts mean
  • Likened to a combination of an encyclopedia and a dictionary
  • Recalled deliberately
• What is procedural memory?


  • A LTM store for our knowledge of how to do things
  • Includes our memories of learned skills
  • Recall without making a conscious or deliberate effort
• Evaluation of the types of LTM


  • Clinical evidence (HM)
  • Real life application (Belleville)
  • Neuroimaging evidence (Tulving)
  • 3 vs 2 types of LTM