indigenous Science

• Indigenous science is?


  is part of the indigenous knowledge system practiced by different groups of people and early civizilations. (Gribbin 2001, Mkapa 2004, Sibisi 2004)
• Indigenous Science includes what?

  indigenous science includes complex arrays of knowledge, expertise, practices, and representations that guide human societies in their enumerable interactions with the natural milieu:

  1. AGRICULTURE
  2. MEDICINE
  3. NAMING AND EXPLAINING NATURAL PHENOMENA
  4. STRATEGIES FOR COPING WITH THE CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS.

  milieu - a person's social environment.
• According to Pawilen 2005;Ogawa 1995 , Indigenous

  science is?

  It is collectively lived in and experienced by the people of a given culture .
• According to Cajete 2004, Indigenous Science includes?


  inlcludes everything from Metaphysics to Philosophy and various practical technologies (by indigenous people both past and present).
• According to Johnston 2000, Indigenous science are?

  indigenous beliefs
• Positive values in learning and doing science and bringing science in personal level.

  1. Motivating attitudes
  2. Cooperating attitudes
  3. Practical attitudes
  4. Reflective attitudes
• Motivating attitudes


  These are the drives and inspirations that encourage individuals to engage actively with their communities and environments, fostering a sense of purpose and responsibility.
• Cooperating attitudes


  This reflects the value placed on collaboration and community, emphasizing harmony and collective effort in relationships with others and the natural world.
• Practical attitudes


  This involves focus on hands-on, applicable knowledge that addresses real-world challenges, highlighting the importance of experiential learning and sustainability.
• Reflective attitudes


  Encouraging contemplation and introspection, these attitudes foster a deeper understanding of one’s place in the world and the interconnectedness of life.
• According to Pawilen 2005, he expalined that indigenous science knowledge___


  indigenous science knowledge has developed divers structures and contents through the interplay between society and environment.
• Sibisi 2004 pointed out that indigenous science provide the basics of?


  astronomy, pharmacology, food technology, or metallurgy
• Food technology


  a branch of food science that deals with the production processes that make foods. Early scientific research into food technology concentrated on food preservation.
• metallurgy


  Metallurgy, art and science of extracting metals from their ores and modifying the metals for use.

  It is used in the production of modern aeroplanes, vehicles (automobiles, railways, and ships), recreational vehicles, buildings, implanted devices, musical instruments, and various other things.
• Conclusion: Indigenous science gave___


  Indigenous science gave birth to the development of Science and Technology as a field and discipline.

  it also helped people in understanding the natural environment and in coping with everyday life.