Battery

• application of force (direct/indirect)


  DPP v K
• in breach of duty, can be an omission


  DPP v Santana Bermudez
• lawful force can be

  1. reasonable punishment of a child (s58 children's act)

  2. self defence/defence of others

  3. when victim consents

  4. Where implied social consent applies (donnelly v jackman)
• physical force 


  any touching
• physical force 2


  R v Thomas - touching clothes = touching them
• mens rea can be transferred 


  R v Latimer
• definition found in

  S39 criminal justice act