Natural Hazards

• What is a Natural Hazard?

  A Natural Hazard is a natural process in which death, injury, distruption to human lives and destruction to property/possessions is caused
• When does a Natrual Hazard become a Natural Disaster?

  When human life is impacted
• Extreme events that dont pose a threat to life are not...

  Natural Hazards E.G. Droughts in unhabital areas
• What is a Geological Hazard?

  A Geological Hazard is hazard caused by land and tectonic processes E.G. Volcanoes and Earthquakes
• What is a Meteorlogical Hazard?

  A Meterological Hazard is a hazard caused by weather or climate

  E.G. Tropical storms
• Name the 7 Natural Hazards

  1. Volcanoes
  2. Earthquakes
  3. Tropical Storms
  4. Tsunami
  5. Landslides
  6. Flooding
  7. Drought
• What are the 4 factors that increase the risk of Natural Hazards?

  1. Urbanisation
  2. Poverty/Ability to cope
  3. Climate Change
  4. Agriculture
• Why does climate change increase the risk of Natural Hazards?

  -It increases the frequency and intensity of storms.

  -Increased sea level increases flood risk.

  -Increased temps increasing risk of Droughts
• How does Urbanisation increase the risk of Natural Hazards?

  As the population of urban areas increase, they become more densly populated meaning more deaths and injury. This is expecially worse if the area is already prone to Natural Hazards
• How does Agriculture increase the risk of Natural Hazards?

  -Farms need to be on flat land and many farmers, like in Bangladesh , end up farming on flood plains, with an increased risk of floods.
• Some hazards are more easily predictable than others, like storms. Those that aren't pose a greater risk to the population and infastructure
• List 4 Primary effects for Natural Hazards

  1. Damage to Infastructure
  2. People are injured or killed
  3. Crops + Water supplies are damaged or contaminated
  4. Cables, gas pipes, communication networks are damaged and shut down
• List 4 Secondary effects for Natural Hazards

  1. Initial hazards may trigger others
  2. Aid cant reach people
  3. Shortage of clean water and sanitation can lead to disease
  4. Economy is weakened so people may be made unemployed and even homeless
• NOTE: In the Exam you will have to explain how these secondary effect cause deaths E.G. Food shortages.... Many people will starve and widespread famine may happen
• List 4 immediate responses to Natural Hazards

  1. Recover dead bodies in order to reduce disease
  2. Provide people with temporary supplies like food and water
  3. Evacuation
  4. Other countries may send immediate help
• List 4 Long-term responses to Natural Hazards

  1. Repair infastructure
  2. Improve forcasting, monitoring and plans
  3. Boost economic recovery E. By promoting tourism
  4. Improve infastructure to withstand these hazards