The reactivity series and displacement reaction

• What is the main topic of today's video?

  The reactivity series of metals
• How do metals generally react with acids?


  They form a salt and hydrogen gas
• What do we mean by the reactivity of a metal?


  How easily it forms positive ions
• Which group of metals is the most reactive?

  Group 1 metals
• Why are carbon and hydrogen included in the reactivity series?


  As references to compare the metals against
• How do we determine the order of metals in the reactivity series?


  By reacting each metal with acid or water and comparing the reactions
• What happens when potassium reacts with hydrochloric acid?


  It forms potassium chloride and hydrogen gas
• What is the expected reaction of magnesium with hydrochloric acid?


  It produces lots of bubbles as the solid metal disappears
• Which metals do not react with acids at all?


  Copper
• How can we measure the reactivity of metals besides observing the reaction's violence?


  By measuring the temperature change of the reactions
• What must be ensured for a fair test when comparing metal reactivity?


  Each metal sample must have the same mass and surface area
• What do metals form when they react with water?


  Metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas
• Which metals do not react with water?


  Zinc, iron, and copper
• What happens when magnesium is placed in a solution of iron sulfate?


  Magnesium displaces iron to form magnesium sulfate and iron
• What occurs when copper is added to a solution of iron sulfate?


  Nothing happens because copper is less reactive than iron
• What is the reactivity series of metals?


  • A list that ranks metals based on how easily they form positive ions
  • Most reactive: Group 1 metals
  • Less reactive: Group 2 metals
  • Least reactive: Transition metals
  • Includes carbon and hydrogen for comparison
• What are the key points to remember about displacement reactions?


  • More reactive metals can displace less reactive ones
  • Example: Magnesium displaces iron in iron sulfate
  • Example: Copper does not displace iron in iron sulfate