L4.2.2: Classification of Bones

• ● Compact Bones

  ● Spongy Bones (Cancellous or Trabecular)


  Based on arrangement of osseous tissues
• ● long bone (humerus)

  ● flat bone (sternum)

  ● short bone (talus)

  ● irregular bone (vertebra), right lateral view


  Based on shape
• 206 BONES IN TOTAL:

  ● 90 = long bones

  ● 28 = short bones

  ● 36 = flat bones

  ● 4 = sesamoid bones

  ● 48 = irregular bones
• COMPACT BONE

  • Dense, heavy, tough, and compact in nature
  • Looks smooth and uniform (homogeneous)
  • Surrounds the spongy bone
• SPONGY BONE

  • Contains small, needle-like pieces of bone
  • Plenty of open spaces (called the trabeculae) with spiky appearance
  • Presence of spaces for the passageway of nutrients
  • Found in the long bones and is surrounded by the compact bone
• 1. proximal epiphysis
  2. diaphysis
  3. distal epiphysis
  4. articular cartilage
  5. spongy bone
  6. epiphyseal line
  7. periosteum
  8. compact bone
  9. medullary cavity
  10. compact bone
  11. endosteum
  12. yellow bone marrow
  13. compact bone
  14. periosteum
  15. perforating (sharpey's) fibers
  16. nutrient arteries

  A) 1-3

  B) 4

  C) 5-9

  D) 10

  E) 11

  F) 12-16