proteins

• Why is fiber important in animal nutrition?


  It supports digestion and maintains gut motility.
• What are proteins made of?


  Proteins are large molecules built from small units known as amino acids.
• What is a peptide?


  A peptide is a combination of two or more amino acids.
• What is a dipeptide?


  A dipeptide is a specific term for when two amino acids combine.
• What is a polypeptide?


  A polypeptide is when three or more amino acids combine.
• How many amino acids are there approximately?


  There are approximately 21 amino acids.
• What are essential amino acids?


  Essential amino acids are those that must be supplied in the diet of the animal.
• What are non-essential amino acids?


  Non-essential amino acids are synthesized by the animal and do not need to be fed.
• How do different species affect amino acid synthesis?


  Different species have varying capabilities to synthesize amino acids based on their digestive systems and dietary needs.
• What are the functions of proteins in animal nutrition?


  1. Growth and Development
  2. Repair and Maintenance of Tissues
  3. Enzymes and Hormones
  4. Immune Function
  5. Energy Source
  6. Milk Production
  7. Feather and Hair Production
  8. Egg and Reproductive Health
  9. Muscle Function and Mobility
• Why is protein important for growth and development?


  Protein provides amino acids needed for tissue growth, repair, and development.
• How do proteins aid in tissue repair and maintenance?


  Proteins are required to repair damaged tissues and maintain bodily functions.
• What role do proteins play in enzyme and hormone production?


  Proteins are essential for producing enzymes and hormones that regulate metabolic processes.
• How do proteins contribute to immune function?


  Proteins are integral to the immune system, as antibodies are made of proteins.
• How can proteins serve as an energy source?


  Proteins can provide energy in the absence of fats and carbohydrates.
• Why are proteins critical for lactating animals?


  Proteins are essential for producing nutrient-rich milk for their offspring.
• What is the role of proteins in feather and hair production?


  Proteins are necessary for producing feathers, hair, and wool, with keratin forming the structural base.
• How do proteins affect egg production in poultry?


  Proteins are essential for egg production, particularly in the albumen (egg white).
• What proteins are fundamental to muscle function and mobility?


  Proteins like actin and myosin are crucial for muscle contraction and movement.
• What are good protein food sources for various species?


  • Dogs: Meat, fish, eggs
  • Cats: Meat, fish, small rodents
  • Horses: Alfalfa, clover, legumes
  • Cattle: Grass, legumes, grains
  • Sheep: Grass, clover, grains
  • Rabbits: Alfalfa, leafy greens
  • Pigs: Meat, fish meal, grains
  • Chickens: Insects, grains, seeds
  • Goats: Grass, legumes, grains
• What happens if you overfeed protein?


  Excess protein is broken down, releasing nitrogen and creating ammonia for excretion.
• What are the effects of overfeeding protein on water requirements?


  Water requirements increase due to excess protein breakdown.
• How does overfeeding protein affect blood plasma levels of urea?


  Blood plasma levels of urea increase with excess protein intake.
• What is an essential amino acid?


  An essential amino acid cannot be synthesized by an animal's body and must be obtained from their diet.
• Why are essential amino acids crucial?


  They are crucial for normal bodily functions such as growth and development.
• What are the functions of protein in the body?


  Protein is essential for growth and repair of tissues, production of enzymes and hormones, energy source, immune response, and formation of hair, skin, and nails.
• How does protein aid in ruminants?


  Protein aids in producing digestive enzymes that break down fibrous plant material in ruminants.
• What happens when animals overfeed on protein?


  Excess protein is broken down, releasing nitrogen and creating ammonia, which puts strain on the kidneys.