males

• SPERM PRODUCTION

  For sperm to be able to fertilise an egg :

  • Produced in sufficient quantities
  • Able to move in a forward direction
  • Able to penetrate corona radiata and zona pellucida

  ∴ High number of sperm produced with correct structure

  
  

  Problems with any of these qualities 

  → greatly reduce chance of pregnancy
• Semen may flow into bladder
• Male’s immune system may develop antibodies for own sperm, altering sperm and reducing effectiveness
• Blockages may occur in reproductive tract, especially in vas deferens

  → stop sperm leaving testes
• Hormonal imbalances can affect sex drive and production of sperm