inherited disorders

• What are inherited disorders?

  Inherited disorders are conditions that can be passed on through certain alleles from parents.
• What are the two examples of inherited disorders discussed in the video?

  The two examples are polydactyly and cystic fibrosis.
• What is polydactyly?

  Polydactyly is a condition where a baby is born with extra fingers or toes.
• What is the genetic cause of polydactyly?


  Polydactyly is caused by a dominant allele.
• If one parent has the polydactyly allele and the other is normal, what is the probability of having an offspring with polydactyly?


  There is a 50% chance of having an offspring with polydactyly.
• How does cystic fibrosis differ from polydactyly in terms of genetic inheritance?


  Cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive allele, while polydactyly is caused by a dominant allele.
• What is the main effect of cystic fibrosis on the body?


  Cystic fibrosis results in the production of thick sticky mucus in various parts of the body, especially the lungs and pancreas.
• What genotype is required for a person to have cystic fibrosis?


  A person needs to have two recessive alleles to have cystic fibrosis.
• What do we call individuals who carry one copy of the cystic fibrosis allele but do not have the condition?


  These individuals are called carriers.
• What is the offspring phenotype ratio when two carriers of cystic fibrosis are crossed?


  The offspring phenotype ratio is 3 normal to 1 cystic fibrosis.
• What is embryo screening?


  • A process to check genes of an embryo for genetic disorders.
  • Can identify conditions like polydactyly or cystic fibrosis.
  • Allows parents to make decisions about embryo selection.
• What are the advantages of embryonic screening?


  Advantages include reducing suffering and saving money on treating genetic disorders.
• What is a concern regarding embryonic screening related to societal perceptions?


  It may imply that individuals with genetic problems are less desirable, increasing prejudice.
• What is a potential future concern regarding embryo screening?


  There is a concern that screening might extend to non-medical traits like eye color or physique.
• What laws are currently in place in the UK regarding embryo screening?


  There are laws to prevent screening for non-medical traits.
• What are the pros and cons of embryonic screening?


  Pros:

  • Reduces suffering from genetic disorders.
  • Saves money on treatment costs.

  
  

  Cons:

  • Implies genetic problems are undesirable.
  • Potential for screening non-medical traits in the future.