Virtue Ethics

• Virtue Ethics 


  identified as on that emphasizes duties or rules that emphasizes the consequences of action
• Founding Fathers of Virtue Ethics

  • Plato
  • Aristotle
  • Mencius
  • Confucius
• Aristotelian


  is a major philosophical framework developed by Aristotle, focused on cultivating good character traits to lead a fulfilling and moral life
• Eudaimonia


  a state of flourishing well-being, happiness
• Arete


  refers to excellence of character
• Phronesis


  to act virtuously, one needs practical wisdom, which is to ability to judge the right action in any given situation
• Aristotle's 5 types of virtues

  • Moral Virtues
  • Intellectual
  • Habituation
  • Character and Community
  • Teleological Approach
• Moral Virtues 


  qualities like courage, temperance, and justice developed through habituation and practice
• Intellectual Virtues 


  such as wisdom and understanding, which are developed through education and reflection
• Habituation 


  Aristotle believes that virtue is developed through practice and repetition
• Character and Community 


  Virtue Ethics emphasizes the importance of the community in shaping moral development
• Teleological Approach 


  meaning it's focused on the end or purpose of actions and human life
• Confucian


  • Confucianism founded by Confucius and existed in ancient china for more than 2,500 years
• Buddhism 


  Buddhist virtue ethics emphasizes cultivation of moral character through development of virtues that align with the path to enlightenment
• Compassion 


  the Buddhist word for compassion is karuna
• Metta

  it means loving and kindness
• Karma


  Buddhist believe that their actions today will impact, their happiness in future
• The 8-fold path

  • Right Understanding
  • Right Intention
  • Right Speech
  • Right Action
  • Right Livelihood
  • Right Effort
  • Right Mindfulness
  • Right Concentration
• 5 Precepts

  • do not kill
  • Do not steal
  • Do not engage in sexual misconduct
  • Do not Lie
  • Do not consume intoxicants
• Applied Ethics 


  ethical philosophy that deals with the difficult moral questions and controversial moral issues that people actually face in their lives
• Applied Ethics focused

  • Normative Ethics
  • Metaethics
• Normative Ethics 


  studies that features make something good/bad, an act right or wrong or a trait virtuous or vicious
• Metaethics 


  studies philosophical questions about the meaning of ethical words or the nature of ethical facts
• Bioethics


  application of the principles of ethics to the field of medicine and healthcare
• Bioethics

  • bio - life
  • ethos - character
• 4 Principle of Bioethics

  • Respect the autonomy
  • Non-maleficence
  • Beneficence
  • Justice
• Respect for Autonomy 


  defined by the right to self determination and respects to individual's right to make informed decisions and to be able to control what she/he wants to do with himself
• Non - maleficence

  is stopping a drug that is known to be harmful or refusing to give a drug to a patient
• Beneficence


  is providing care that is likely to improve the patient's health
• Justice 


  generally interpret as fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment of person