Lesson 2 Midterm

• What is the branch of mathematics that deals with collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data?

  Statistics
• How does statistics help us understand the world around us?


  It helps gather information, understand patterns, and make inferences.
• What does the term 'data' refer to in statistics?


  Facts or figures that are collated for presentation, interpretation, and analysis.
• What are the methods of data collection in statistics?


  • Direct or Interview Method
  • Indirect or Questionnaire Method
  • Registration Method
  • Experimental Method
• What is the direct or interview method of data collection?


  The researcher has direct contact with the respondents.
• How does the indirect or questionnaire method work?


  It involves distributing questionnaires to a large number of people simultaneously.
• What is the registration method in data collection?


  It is governed by laws and involves collecting data from official records.
• What is the purpose of the experimental method in data collection?


  To find cause-and-effect relationships.
• What is a population in statistics?


  The entire group that you want to draw conclusions about.
• What is a sample in statistics?


  The specific group of individuals that you will collect data from.
• What are the requirements for a sample in statistics?


  • A sample must represent the entire population.
  • A sample must not be biased.
• What are the different sampling techniques in statistics?


  • Simple Random
  • Systematic
  • Stratified
  • Cluster
  • Convenience
• What is a simple random sample?


  All members have an equal chance of being selected.
• How would you select a simple random sample of 4 employees from a company with 14 employees?


  Assign a number to each employee and use a random number generator.
• What is systematic sampling?


  Selecting one member for every nth of the population.
• How would you conduct systematic sampling with 200 students, selecting every 3rd student?


  List the students alphabetically and select every 3rd student.
• What is stratified sampling?


  Dividing the sample into subgroups before drawing random samples.
• How do you calculate proportional numbers in stratified sampling?


  By multiplying the total number by the proportion of each subgroup.
• What is cluster sampling?


  Dividing the population into subgroups and randomly selecting entire subgroups.
• How would you conduct cluster sampling in a company with offices in 5 cities?


  Randomly select 2 offices to collect data.
• What is convenience sampling?


  Including individuals who are the most accessible to the researcher.
• How would you conduct convenience sampling at a university?


  Ask fellow students to complete a survey after class.
• Why is data presentation important in statistics?


  • Helps users study and explain statistics thoroughly.
  • Facilitates clear presentation and comparison of data.
• What are the benefits of using tables in data presentation?


  • Clear presentation and comparison of data.
  • Allows detailed presentation that text cannot provide.
  • Systematic and orderly presentation in rows or columns.
• What is a frequency distribution table?


  A table that shows data arranged into different classes with the number of cases in each class.
• What is graphical presentation of data used for?


  • Facilitates comparison and interpretation.
  • Provides a visual impression of distributions or trends.
  • Shows information that changes over time.
• What is a line graph used for?


  To show information that changes over time using connected points.
• What is a bar graph used for?


  To compare and contrast numbers or frequencies of distinct categories of data.
• What is a pie graph used for?


  To show the proportion of each class through relative or percentage frequency.
• What are the measures of central tendency?


  • Mean
  • Median
  • Mode
• What does central tendency determine?


  A numerical value in the central region of a distribution of scores.
• What is the mean also known as?


  The arithmetic mean or average.
• How can the mean be affected?


  It can be affected by extreme scores.
• How do you compute the mean?


  Add all numbers and divide by the total count.
• What is the mean of the hours Jeffrey worked if he worked 24, 25, 33, 50, 53, 66, and 78 hours?


  47 hours
• What is the median?


  The middlemost value of an arranged distribution.
• How do you find the median of a set of numbers?


  Arrange the numbers and identify the middlemost value.
• What is the median of the prices Php50, Php55, Php60, Php65, Php12, Php35, Php48?


  Php50
• What is the mode?


  The value with the largest frequency in a distribution.
• How do you find the mode of a data set?


  Identify the value that occurs most frequently.