Fighting disease-Vaccination

• What do vaccinations work against?

  Bacteria and viruses
• What happens to our immune system after exposure to a pathogen?


  It generally develops immunity to the pathogen and the diseases it causes
• What is the purpose of including dead or inactive pathogens in vaccines?


  To ensure they can't cause disease while still provoking an immune response
• What do antigens in vaccines trigger in our body?


  They trigger the production of antibodies and the development of immunity
• What are the pros of vaccinations?


  • Protect from diseases
  • Control of common diseases (Polio, smallpox, measles, whooping cough)
  • Prevent outbreaks (epidemics) that kill many people
  • Contribute to herd immunity
• What is herd immunity?


  • When enough people in a population are immune to a pathogen
  • The pathogen cannot spread effectively
  • Protects those who are not vaccinated
• What happens to a pathogen once a host overcomes the disease or dies?


  The pathogen disappears
• What is a potential downside of vaccinations?


  They don't grant full immunity and can cause bad reactions
• What should be checked after vaccination?

  For bad reactions such as swelling, fever, or seizures
• How do vaccines help when live pathogens try to attack?


  They are recognized and attacked by antibodies, reducing the likelihood of illness
• How do vaccines contribute to the control of diseases?


  By exposing us to antigens, allowing our body to develop immunity
• What is the primary benefit of vaccinating a large proportion of the population?


  It greatly reduces the spread of pathogens.
• How does vaccination protect unvaccinated individuals?


  It reduces the likelihood of disease spread, making it less likely for unvaccinated people to catch the disease.
• What types of pathogens can be used in vaccines?


  Dead or inactive pathogens.
• What happens when live pathogens of the same kind try to attack after vaccination?


  They are quickly recognized and attacked by antibodies.
• What role do white blood cells play in vaccination?


  They produce antibodies to fight pathogens.
• What is the process of how vaccination works to protect against diseases?

  • Vaccination introduces dead or inactive pathogens.
  • The immune system responds by producing antibodies.
  • If live pathogens attempt to attack later, they are recognized and attacked by these antibodies.
  • This reduces the likelihood of illness.
• What has vaccination changed in the way we fight disease?


  It allows us to prevent diseases before they occur.
• How do vaccines help the body respond to pathogens?


  They teach the body to produce antibodies against pathogens.
• What happens when you are infected with a new pathogen?


  Your white blood cells take a few days to learn how to deal with it.
• What do vaccines contain and how do they work?


  • Contain small amounts of dead or inactive pathogens
  • Carry antigens that stimulate antibody production
  • Help the body recognize and attack future infections
• What diseases can be prevented by a combined vaccine for measles, mumps, and rubella?


  Measles, mumps, and rubella (German measles).