Fast recap

• Who established experimental psychology as a science?


  Wilhelm Wundt
• What does experimental psychology involve?


  Breaking down behaviors into basic elements
• What method did Wundt choose for his studies?


  Introspection
• How did Wundt use introspection in his research?

  By asking individuals to engage in a task and reflect on their mental processes
• What was the purpose of using introspection in Wundt's studies?


  To establish general theories about mental processes
• What methods does scientific psychology use?

  Empirical methods
• What assumptions does scientific psychology rely on?

  Determinism and predictability
• What does the scientific method entail?


  Using methods that are objective, systematic, and replicable
• What does replication in scientific research mean?

  Results might be accepted as true
• What does the scientific method include besides empirical methods?


  Development of theories that can explain results and constant testing and refining
• What is a criticism of Wundt's methods?


  They were unreliable as they relied on 'nonobservable' responses
• How does the scientific approach test assumptions about behavior?


  By establishing causality and correcting theories
• What is a viewpoint held by some psychologists regarding human behavior and scientific methods?


  Not all psychologists believe human behavior can be explored using scientific methods
• What is a limitation of introspection according to critics?


  It is not particularly accurate
• Who conducted research that questioned the accuracy of introspection?


  Nisbett and Wilson
• Despite its limitations, how is introspection still viewed in psychology?


  It is still useful in psychology
• Who are the researchers that found introspection to be useful in psychology?


  Csikszentmihalyi and Hunter