APPROACH

• KEY ASSUMPTIONS OF SLT?

  behaviour is learned through observation and imitation of others
• DEFINITION OF SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY?

  way of explaining behaviour including direct and indirect reinforcement (combines behaviourism and cognitive factors)
• IMITATION?

  copying behaviour of others
• IDENTIFICATION?

  observer associates themself with a role model and wants to be like the role model
• MODELLING?

  imitating the behaviour of a model/ precise demonstration of a specific behaviour to be imitated
• VICARIOUS REINFORCEMENT?

  reinforcement not directly experienced but occurs through someone else being reinforced for a behaviour
• MEDIATIONAL PROCESSES?

  cognitive factors that influence learning (come between stimulus and response)
• MEDIATIONAL PROCESSES?

  1. Attention (pays attention to behaviour and consequences)
  2. Retention (stores observed behaviour in LTM)
  3. Motor reproduction (assess ability/ skills to reproduce observed behaviour)
  4. Motivation (expects to receive same positive reinforcements)
• WHAT IS A MEDIATIONAL PROCESS AND HOW TO REMEMBER THEM?

  process that mediates between observation and imitation (ARMM)
• RESEARCH FOR SLT?

  Bandura
• BANDURA'S RESEARCH?

  METHOD: laboratory experiment

  DESIGN: matched pairs

  IV: type of model

  SAMPLE: 36 boys and 36 girls (3-6 years)
• METHOD OF BANDURA'S RESEARCH?

  STAGE 1 - MODELLING

  -> room with toys played for 10 minutes while

  1. 24 watched model behave aggressively to Bobo doll
  2. 24 watched model play with different toy for 10 minutes
  3. 24 not exposed to model

  STAGE 2 - AGGRESSION AROUSAL

  • all children subjected to 'mild aggression arousal'
  • each taken to room with toys
  • child begins to play
  • experimenter takes away toys

  STAGE 3 - DELAYED IMITATION TEST

  • new room containing aggressive and non-aggressive toys
  • child in room for 20 minutes
  • observed through one-way mirror at 5s intervals
  • innate behaviours recorded
• FINDINGS OF BANDURA'S RESEARCH?

  • more imitative aggressive responses in condition 1
  • girls showed more physical aggressive responses if model was male, and more verbal if model was female (except for punching)
  • boys more likely to imitate same-sex model than girls
  • boys imitated more physically aggressive acts than girls
  • little difference in verbal aggression