Strong and weak acids

• What do acids produce in water?

  hydrogen ions
• How can acids be classified?


  As strong or weak
• What does pH measure?


  The concentration of hydrogen ions
• How does the pH of a strong acid compare to that of a weaker acid at the same concentration?


  The pH of a strong acid is always less than that of a weaker acid
• What should not be confused with strong acids?


  Concentrated acids
• What is the difference between strong acids and weak acids?


  • Strong acids completely dissociate in water
  • Weak acids partially dissociate in water
• What humorous phrase is used to remember the difference between weak and strong acids?

  Weak acid or strong acid? I know which goes best with chips...
• What is the significance of pH in chemistry?


  • Indicates acidity or basicity of a solution
  • Affects chemical reactions and biological processes
• What is the measure of how much an acid dissociates in solution?

  pH
• How do strong acids behave in solution?


  They ionize completely.
• What is an example of a strong acid?


  Nitric acid
• What happens to acids when they are dissolved in water?


  They produce hydrogen ions.
• What characterizes weak acids?


  They partially ionize in solution.
• What is the equilibrium position for weak acids in solution?


  It shifts to the left.
• How does a decrease of 1 on the pH scale affect the concentration of hydrogen ions?


  The concentration of H+ ions increases by a factor of 10.
• What is the relationship between pH and hydrogen ion concentration?


  The H+ ion concentration changes by a factor of $10^{-x}$.
• What are the differences between strong and weak acids?


  • Strong acids ionize completely in solution.
  • Weak acids partially ionize in solution.
  • Strong acids produce more hydrogen ions than weak acids.
• What do acids produce when dissolved in water?


  Protons (H⁺ ions)
• How can acids be classified based on their strength?

  Acids can be classified as strong or weak
• What is the dissociation equation for the strong acid HCl?


  HCl → H⁺ + Cl⁻
• What is the dissociation equation for the weak acid CH₃COOH?


  CH₃COOH ⇌ H⁺ + CH₃COO⁻
• What does the factor of H⁺ ion concentration change by?


  The concentration changes by a factor of 10^x
• What is a common misconception about strong acids?


  Don't confuse strong acids with concentrated acids
• What is the difference between strong acids and weak acids?


  • Strong acids completely dissociate in water
  • Weak acids partially dissociate in water
• What are the characteristics of strong and weak acids?

  • Strong acids:
  • Example: HCl
  • Fully dissociate in solution
  • Weak acids:
  • Example: CH₃COOH
  • Partially dissociate in solution