organisation in animals

Created by

Ava Castleton

Cards (26)

Mouth 
where food is chewed
salivary glands 
makes saliva containing the enzyme amylase
oesophagus 
carries food to the stomach
stomach
churns food
releases protease
releases hydrochloric acid
rectum 
stores faeces
anus 
expels faeces
large intestine 
where water and minerals are absorbed into the blood
small intestine 
where digested food is absorbed into the blood
gall bladder 
stores bile which is an alkaline that neutralises hydrochloric acid and emulsifies fat to form small droplets with a large SA
liver 
makes bile
pancreas 
makes enzymes: amylase, lipase and protease
Lungs
air moves into the body through the mouth and nose
down the trachea
into the bronchi
through the bronchioles
into the alveoli
oxygen then diffuses into the blood in network of capillaries over the surface of the alveoli.
Artery 
carries blood AWAY from the heart
thick, muscular, and elastic walls
the walls can stretch and withstand high pressure
small lumen
vein 
carries blood TOWARDS the heart
have valves to prevent backflow of blood
thin walls
large lumen
capillary 
carries blood to tissues and cells and connects arteries and veins
one cell thick
very narrow lumen
double circulatory system 
blood passes through the heart twice for every circuit around the body
the right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs where gas exchange happens
left ventricle pumps blood around the rest of the body
Pulmonary artery 
takes deoxygenated blood to the lungs
aorta 
carries oxygenated blood around the body
pulmonary vein 
bring oxygenated blood from the lungs
left ventricle 
pumps blood around the body
right ventricle 
pumps blood to the lungs
vena cava 
brings deoxygenated blood into the heart
Red blood cells 
binds to oxygen and transports it around the body
white blood cells 
part of the immune system to defend the body against pathogens
plasma 
transports substances and blood cells around the body
platelets 
form blood clots to create barriers to infections