Hormones in human reproduction

• What initiates the development of secondary sex characteristics during puberty?


  Reproductive hormones
• What hormone is produced by the testes in males?

  Testosterone
• What is the role of testosterone in males during puberty?


  It is responsible for the development of male secondary characteristics and stimulates sperm production
• What hormone is produced in the ovaries in females?

  Oestrogen
• What does oestrogen regulate in females?


  It regulates the menstrual cycle and promotes the maturation of eggs
• How long does the menstrual cycle last?


  Approximately 28 days
• Which hormone stimulates the maturation of eggs in the ovaries?

  Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
• What triggers ovulation in the menstrual cycle?

  Luteinising Hormone (LH)
• What happens to oestrogen levels in the first half of the menstrual cycle?


  They increase, leading to the thickening of the uterine lining
• What is the role of progesterone after ovulation?


  It maintains the uterine lining for potential implantation of a fertilized egg
• How do FSH, LH, oestrogen, and progesterone interact throughout the menstrual cycle?


  FSH levels rise, increasing oestrogen, which triggers a surge in LH, resulting in ovulation
• What happens to progesterone levels if fertilization does not occur?


  Progesterone levels drop, leading to the shedding of the uterine lining (menstruation)
• What are the phases of the menstrual cycle?

  • Follicular phase
  • Ovulation
  • Luteal phase
• What should students be able to do with graphs depicting hormone levels throughout the menstrual cycle?


  Extract and interpret data, understanding how fluctuations correlate with different phases of the cycle
• What skills can students develop related to hormone fluctuations during the menstrual cycle?


  • Graphical analysis of hormone fluctuations
  • Explanation of hormone interactions
  • Comparative analysis of male and female hormonal regulation
• How can students compare hormonal regulation in male and female reproductive systems?


  By noting similarities and differences in hormone function and effects