How We Control Our Body Temperature

• What is thermoregulation?


  It is the control of our internal body temperature.
• Why do we need to regulate our body temperature?


  To allow our cells to function properly.
• Which part of the brain controls thermoregulation?


  The hypothalamus.
• What is homeostasis?


  • The process of maintaining a stable internal environment
  • Essential for proper cell function
• What is the ideal body temperature that needs to be maintained?

  37 degrees Celsius.
• Why is 37 degrees Celsius important for enzymes?


  It is the perfect temperature for their function.
• What happens to enzyme activity if body temperature falls below 37 degrees Celsius?


  Their activity slows down.
• What happens to enzymes if body temperature rises above 37 degrees Celsius?


  They start to denature and can't work at all.
• What is the role of the thermoregulatory sensor?


  It acts as a thermostat for our body.
• Where are the receptors that detect changes in body temperature primarily located?


  In the skin and blood vessels.
• How does the brain respond if it detects that the body is too hot?


  It sends out signals designed to cool us down.
• What happens if the brain detects that the body is too cold?


  It brings about changes that warm us back up.
• What mechanisms does the body use to warm up?

  • Vasoconstriction: constricting blood vessels near the skin surface
  • Contracting erector muscles: trapping insulating air
  • Shivering: muscle contractions generating heat through respiration
• What mechanisms does the body use to cool down?


  • Relaxing erector muscles: allowing hairs to fall flat
  • Vasodilation: expanding blood vessels to transfer heat
  • Sweating: evaporating sweat to remove heat
• What is vasoconstriction?


  It is the constriction of blood vessels near the skin surface.
• What is the purpose of contracting erector muscles?


  To trap a layer of insulating air and reduce heat loss.
• How does shivering help in thermoregulation?


  It generates heat through muscle contractions and respiration.
• What happens to the erector muscles when the body cools down?


  They relax, allowing the hairs to fall flat.
• What is vasodilation?


  It is the expansion of blood vessels to allow more heat transfer.
• How does sweating help cool the body?


  It evaporates and takes heat energy away from the body.
• Why does evaporation of sweat cool the body?


  Because it requires a lot of energy to evaporate water, removing heat.
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