[2.4] Human Rights

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lala

Cards (34)

human rights
Inalienable rights that protect people’s dignity as human beings.
These give them the right to choose, to live, to love, to property, to make their living, to practice their profession, to vote, and to be voted, among others.
These assure people the means to fulfill their basic needs.
By guaranteeing life, liberty, equality, and security, human rights protect people against abuse by those who are more powerful.
rights 
Moral power to hold, to do, to omit, or to exact something.
to hold
rights to life, nationality, own property, rest, and leisure
to do
rights to marry, peaceful assembly, run for public office, education
to omit
freedom from torture and cruel, inhuman, or degrading punishment, freedom from arbitrary arrest, detention, or exile
to exact something 
equal protection of the law, equal access to public service, equal pay for equal work
who coined the term human rights?
Eleanor Roosevelt
human rights 
they are the essence of man
who said this "They are what makes man human. That is why they are called human rights; deny them and you deny man’s humanity"?
Jose Diokno
human dignity 
Referred to an individual or group’s sense of self-respect and self-worth, physical and psychological integrity, and empowerment It is stated in the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights the recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the society.
characteristics of human rights
Universal
Internationally guaranteed
Legally protected
Protects individuals and groups
Cannot be taken away
Equal and indivisible
Obliges States and State actors
human rights 
rights that someone has simply because he or she is a human being and born into this world
core principles of human rights
Human dignity
Equality
Non-discrimination
Universality
Interdependency
Indivisibility
Inalienability
Responsibilities
539 B.C.E.
Cyrus the Great of Persia conquered cities of Babylon. He then set free the slaves and gave them the freedom to select their own religion. Equality of all races was also declared. It was engraved/written in a baked-clay cylinder known as “Cyrus Cylinder.” It was considered the “world’s first charter of human rights.”
The concept of human dignity was also evident in various major Western and Asian civilizations, such as Ancient Greece, Rome, India, and China. Specifically the Stoics of Greece.
Christian Romans
Believed that humans, aside from his ability to reason/ think were created in the likeness and image of God that made them endowed with human dignity.
Established religions and teachings of faith in Asia such as Judaism, Hinduism, Christianity, Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, and others emphasize the code of morality, the concept of human dignity, and man’s mutual responsibility to each other.
Middle Ages
Human dignity became dormant/diminished by autocracy, feudalism, and monarchy.
who issued the Magna Carta?
King John I (use Roman Numerals)
when was the Magna Carta issued?
1215
Magna Carta
the first document to put into writing the principle that the king and his government were not above the law
petition of right 
Petition sent by the English Parliament to King Charles I complaining of a series of breaches of law.
four principles of the Petition of Right
no taxation without the consent of Parliament
no imprisonment without cause
no quartering of soldiers on subjects
no martial law in peacetime
French Revolution: Declaration of the Rights of Man
1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen It was during the French Revolution that ended the reign of King Louis XVI. The aftermath of the revolution gave birth to the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizens, one of the basic charters of human liberties, containing the principles that inspired the French Revolution. Its 17 articles, adopted between August 20 and August 26, 1789, by France’s National Assembly, served as the preamble to the Constitution of 1791.
when did the first ten amendments of The Bill of Rights came into effect?
December 15, 1791
Bill of Rights 
protects freedom of speech, freedom of religion, the right to keep and bear arms, the freedom of assembly, and the freedom to petition. It also prohibits unreasonable search and seizure, cruel and unusual punishment, and compelled self-incrimination
prominent figures who contributed significantly to public service and diplomacy
Carlos P. Romulo
Salvador P. Lopez
primary categories of human rights
civil
political
economic
social
cultural
types of human rights
natural
constitutional
statutory
civil and political
socio-economic
cultural
natural rights 
Those that are not dependent on the laws, customs, or beliefs of any particular culture or government and are therefore universal and inalienable (i.e., rights that cannot be repealed or restrained by human laws).
constitutional rights 
expressly stipulated and written in a consolidated national constitution, which is the supreme law of the land, meaning that any other laws which are in contradiction with it are considered unconstitutional and thus regarded as invalid
statutory rights 
Rights granted by a law passed by a legislative body. Conferred or given by the legislature.
civil and political rights 
Guarantees of equal social opportunities and equal protection under the law, regardless of race, religion, or other personal characteristics.
examples of civil rights
right to vote
right to a fair trial
right to government services
right to a public education
right to use public facilities
socio-economic rights 
Provide protection for the dignity, freedom, and well-being of individuals by guaranteeing state-supported entitlements to education, public health care, housing, a living wage, decent working conditions, and other social goods.
cultural rights 
They are rights related to themes such as language; cultural and artistic production; participation in cultural life; cultural heritage; intellectual property rights; author’s rights; minorities, and access to culture, among others.