Medieval

• What is Hippocrates known as?


  Father of Medicine
• What is the hippocratic oath?


  An oath doctors take to swear that they will do the best they can for their patients
• What are the four humours?


  Blood, phlegm, yellow bile, black bile.
• What did Hippocrates do which other physicians wouldn’t?


  Write down symptoms to know what to do next time and encourage rest and a healthy diet
• Who is Galen?


  Ancient physician who took Hippocrates ideas a step further
• What did Galen add on to the four humours and what was it called?


  The Theory of Opposites. This was to restore balance to the body- if you were too hot, you were treated with something cold.
• How many books did Hippocrates write?


  Around 70
• Why were Galens ideas accepted quickly by the church?


  He believed in “the creator” so was accepted by the church even through his dissections of animals contained mistakes
• What 4 ways did people believe caused illness?


  God, Miasma(bad air), Supernatural and Everyday life
• Why did people think God caused illness?


  If someone was living a sinful life, giving them an illness was his way of punishment.
• Why did people thing Miasma caused illness?


  People began to link disease and bad air together. Deaths were higher in cities and towns where people loved together and due to sewage problems is always smelled, however it was probably spread from people living so close together
• Why did people think that the supernatureal caused illness?


  People thought that the alignments of the planets caused illness and witchcraft was also a blame for death. Satan and demons also caused death.
• What 4 ways did people treat disease in the medieval era

  Barber Surgeon, apothecaries, urine and zodiac charts, prayer and repentrance
• What were barber surgeons?


  The cheapest form of surgery. They carried out minor operations and served apprenticeships before becoming qualified.
• What were apothecaries?


  Pharmacists or early practitioners of medicine. They sold herbs, medicine and spices. People would also rely on herbal remedies
• How was urine and zodiac charts used to rent disease?


  they saw how the planets would align and make sure the humours were in balance
• How was prayer and repentance used as a treatment for disease?


  Some made pilgrimages and hold shrines and flagellants whipped themselves seeking punishment from themselves rather than god.
• What were flagellants?


  People who whipped themselves as a way of punishment of themselves rather than god punishing them with disease
• What is cupping?


  Using glass cups to draw blood to the surface
• What is trepanning?


  Cutting a hole in the head to release spirits
• What is an amulet?


  A charm that brought protection from disease
• How did the Church impact medical progress?


  It encourages people to believe disease was a punishment from God rather than natural cause. It prevented people from trying to find cures for disease
• Why were Galens mistakes still learned by doctors?


  His ideas fit the Christian belief that god created human bodies and made them perfect, it stopped anyone disagreeing with him.
• What did the church out law dissection


  Medical doctors couldn’t discover ideas about human anatomy themselves.
• What year did the Black Death arrive in England


  1348
• What percentage of the English population was killed by the Black Death


  50% to 66%