Cinematography

• What does mise-en-scene mean?


  How objects are placed and why.
• What is preferred reading?


  Getting the audience to agree and accept the director's / film's ideas instead of their own.
• What is composition?


  The elements (camera angles, distance, etc) creating a meaning that is conveyed by the shot.
• What does cinematography mean?


  The shot type, camera movement and focus.
• What does editing mean?


  The movement from one shot to another.
• What does sound mean?

  Diegetic (from the film) / non-diegetic (added into the film).
• What does performance mean?


  The non-verbal (posture / facial expressions) and verbal (spoken) are performed.
• What is a very long shot?

  Where the subject is barely visible.

  The emphasis is still on placing them into the environment.
• What is an extreme long shot?


  The view is so far from the subject that they are hardly visible.

  Often an establishing shot.
• What is a medium long shot?


  Shows below the waist.

  Something is still cropped out on their body.
• What is a long shot?


  Subject takes up the full frame as much as possible.
• What is a mid shot?


  Shows some part of the subject in more detail.

  Still gives the impression of the whole of the subject.
• What is a medium close up?


  Halway between a mid shot and close up.

  Above the shoulders.
• What is a close up?


  A certain part of the subject takes up the whole frame.

  E.g., head.
• What is an extreme close up?


  A certain feature on the subject that is in extreme detail.
• What does cut in mean?


  Shows some other part of the subject in detail, e.g., hands.
• What does cut away mean?


  A shot of something other than the object.
• What is a two shot?


  A shot of two people framed.

  Similar to a mid shot.
• What is an over the shoulder shot?


  Shows the view from behind a person's shoulder at the subject.
• What does zoom mean?


  The camera appears to move closer towards the subject, but the camera is static.

  The focus length changes.
• What does panning mean?


  When the camera is moved horizontally left or right while fixated on a certain point.
• What does tilt mean?


  Moving the camera vertically up or down while fixated on a certain point.
• What is tracking in / dollying?


  When you move the entire camera forwards or backwards physically.
• What is tracking left or right / trucking?


  When you move the entire camera left or right physically.
• What does pedestal mean?


  When the camera is physically moved vertically up or down while fixated on a location.
• What is deep focus /depth of field?


  When you see everything in frame in equal focus.
• What is shallow focus /depth of field?


  When you can only see part of the frame in focus.
• What is low key lighting?


  Where there is high contrast in the way light is used.

  Audience can see the whole set.
• What is high key lighting?


  High contrast in the way light is used.

  Chiaroscuro.

  Creates shadows.
• What does Chiaroscuro mean?


  Dark shadows contrasted with bright light.
• What does diegetic sound mean?


  Sound created by the reality of the film.
• What is non-diegetic sound?


  Sound that is added on top in post production.
• What are 3 types of performance styles?

  Classical.

  Realist.

  Formalist.
• What is a classical performance?


  The style of acting popularised during the Hollywood Golden Age.

  Believable but glamorous and mannered.
• What is a realist performance style?

  Underperformed.

  Like a documentary.
• What is a formalist performance style?


  Unnatural.