Historical

• Treparation - Boring a hole in your skull. Some 7000 years ago, this was a practice to 'cure' mental illnesses.
• Four humours

  Black bile (Earth) - meancholic (sadness)

  Yellow bile (Fire) - choleric (anger)

  Phlegm (Water) - phlegmatic (calmness, seriousness)

  Blood (Air) - Sanguine (lust, love)
• Supernatural:

  Mental illness is caused by the possession of an individual by outside evil forces called demons. The person loses control and the demon will seek to hurt them and others by disturbed and disturbing behaviour. The person is usually seen as having invited the demon in, or it has gained access by a turning away or rejection of religious rights and practices. As time goes by, symptoms of mental illness, self harm and harm to others will worsen as the possession increases in intensity.
• Supernatural treatment - Excorcism by a religious figure e.g. Priest, or driving the spirit out using physical methods such as beating, burning etc.
• Supernatural v 4 humours

  Similarities - Both are highly deterministic and remove free will

  Both can be successfully treated by excorcism or by balancing the humour

  Differences - 4 humours has scientific principles while supernatural is belief

  4 humours can be treated and allows self awareness but supernatural can only be recognised and treated alternatly.