Clinical Significance

• 1. Myopia (Nearsightedness)

  • A condition where distant objects appear blurry, but near objects are clear.
  • It occurs when the eye is elongated (axial elongation) or the cornea is too steep, causing light rays to focus in front of the retina.
  • In severe cases, myopia can also affect near vision and lead to structural changes in the eye.
• 1. Hyperopia (Farsightedness)

  • Characterized by clear vision of distant objects, but difficulty focusing on near objects.
  • It occurs when the eyeball is too short or the cornea has insufficient curvature, causing light rays to focus behind the retina.
  • Hyperopia requires increased accommodation effort for near vision tasks.