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• What is a monomer in an enzyme’s active site?


  B
• What is a monomer in cellulose?


  D
• What is produced during photosynthesis and respiration?


  C
• Which monomer forms a polymer that gives a positive result with a biuret test?


  B
• What are the accepted values for C, H, and O in the given context?


  C = 18, H = 32, O = 16
• What are the steps to test for reducing sugars using Benedict's solution?


  1. Heat with acid and neutralize.
  2. Heat with Benedict's solution.
  3. Observe for red precipitate or other colors (orange/brown/green).
• What should be done after heating with acid in the reducing sugar test?


  Neutralize the solution
• What is the result of heating with Benedict's solution?


  Red precipitate or other colors
• What is the significance of filtering and drying the precipitate in the experiment?


  It allows for accurate measurement of the mass/weight
• What are the two substances identified in the experiment as A and B?

  A = glucose and B = maltose
• Why is there more sugar/precipitate after hydrolysis of maltase action?


  Because more sugar is produced after hydrolysis
• What is the nature of the quantitative method in the experiment?


  It is subjective due to color change
• Why is standardizing the method important in experiments?


  It ensures consistency and reliability of results
• What is the cumulative percentage error calculation for the measuring vessels?


  16.67 − 17
• What is a monomer?


  A smaller/repeating unit from which larger molecules are made
• What is a similarity and difference between lactulose and lactose?


  Both contain galactose; lactulose contains fructose, while lactose contains glucose
• What are the differences between cellulose and glycogen?


  1. Cellulose is made up of β-glucose, while glycogen is made up of α-glucose.
  2. Cellulose has a straight chain, while glycogen is branched.
  3. Cellulose has only 1,4-glycosidic bonds, while glycogen has 1,4- and 1,6-glycosidic bonds.
• What are the advantages of glycogen's structure?


  1. Insoluble in water, so it doesn’t affect water potential.
  2. Branched structure allows for compactness.
  3. Provides glucose for respiration.
  4. More ends for fast breakdown/enzyme action.
  5. Large molecule, so can’t cross the cell membrane.
• What reagent is used to test for starch?


  Iodine/potassium iodide
• What is the process of starch hydrolysis?


  1. Starch is hydrolyzed to glucose.
  2. Glucose is used in respiration.
• What type of glycosidic bond is found in the structure of starch?

  (α1,4) Glycosidic
• What are the characteristics of cellulose structure?


  1. Long and straight chains.
  2. Linked by many hydrogen bonds to form fibrils.
  3. Provides strength to the cell wall.
• What is the main component of cellulose?

  β-glucose
• How does the position of hydrogen and hydroxyl groups differ in starch and cellulose?


  They are inverted at carbon atom 1
• What are the properties of starch that make it useful?


  1. Insoluble, so it doesn’t affect water potential.
  2. Helical structure, making it compact.
  3. Large molecule, cannot leave the cell.
• Psychology AQA alevel


  Psychodynamic approach
• Psychology AQA alevel


  Psychodynamic approach Psychodynamic approach
• The first step is to create the document that will be imported into LaTeX.
• Psychology 


  Psychodynamic