insulin,glucagon

• What controls blood glucose concentration?


  the hormonal system
• How does the hormonal system control blood glucose concentration?


  Using 2 hormones

  • insulin
  • glucagon
• What type of cells secrete insulin into the blood?

  beta cells
• What type of cells secrete glucagon into the blood?

  alpha cells
• What do insulin and glucagon do (Like all hormones)>?


  Travel in the blood to their target cells (effectors)
• Both insulin and glucagon are secreted by what?


  Clusters of cells in the pancreas called the islets of Langerhams
• What do insulin and glucagon act as?


  effectors, which respond to restore the blood glucose concentration to normal level
• why are the responses produced by hormones SLOWER than those produced by nervous impulses?


  Because they travel in the blood to their target cells
• why do the effects of hormones tend to last longer than those produced by nervous impulses?


  hormones are not broken down as quickly as neurotransmitters
• what keeps blood glucose conc normal?


  negative feedback mechanisms
• What does lysis mean?


  SPlitting
• WHat does glycogenoLYSIS mean?


  splitting glycogen
• Blood glucose conc too high?


  • pancreas detects blood glucose conc too high
  • Beta cells secrete insulin . alpha cells stop secreting glucagon
  • insulin binds to receptors on liver and muscle cells
  • cells take up more glucose , glycogenesis activated, cells respire more glucose
  • less glucose in blood
  • normal blood glucose conc
• Blood glucose conc too low?


  pancreas detects blood glucose conc too low

  • alpha cells secrete glucagon. beta cells stop secreting insulin
  • glucagon binds to receptors on liver cells
  • glycogenolysis activated. gluconeogenesis activated. cells respire less glucose
  • cells release glucose into blood
  • normal blood glucose conc
• what does genesis mean?


  making
• What is does glycogenesis mean?


  making glycogen