Psych social influence

• What does social psychology study?


  How people impact and influence each other
• What does social influence mean?


  People change their behavior to be more like those around them
• What is conformity?


  When the behavior of an individual is influenced by a larger group
• What are the three different types of conformity?

  • Internalisation
  • Compliance
  • Identification
• What is internalisation in the context of conformity?


  Accepting the majority's views as your own
• In what situation might internalisation occur?


  In an unfamiliar situation where you don't know the correct response
• What is informational social influence?


  Looking to others for information about how to behave
• What is compliance in the context of conformity?


  Going along with things even if you disagree with them
• Why might someone choose to comply?


  To appear normal and avoid exclusion from the group
• What is normative social influence?


  Going along with the majority to avoid rejection
• What does identification mean in the context of conformity?


  Changing behavior to fulfill a specific social role
• What was the aim of Sherif's (1935) study?


  To test the effects of informational social influence
• What was the method used in Sherif's (1935) study?


  A laboratory experiment using the autokinetic effect
• What were the results of Sherif's (1935) study?


  Participants' estimates converged when in a group
• What conclusion can be drawn from Sherif's (1935) study?


  Participants were influenced by the estimates of others
• What is a strength of Sherif's (1935) study?


  It had strict control of variables, allowing for cause and effect
• What is a limitation of Sherif's (1935) study?


  It lacked ecological validity due to its artificial situation
• What ethical issue was present in Sherif's (1935) study?


  Deception about the movement of the light
• What did Asch (1951) investigate?


  The effects of normative social influence on conformity
• What was the method used in Asch's (1951) study?


  A laboratory experiment with an independent groups design
• What were the results of Asch's (1951) study?


  Participants conformed to the majority 37% of the time
• What conclusion can be drawn from Asch's (1951) study?


  Participants were influenced by the majority due to normative social influence
• What is a strength of Asch's (1951) study?


  It had good control of variables, maximizing effects of extraneous variables
• What is a limitation of Asch's (1951) study?


  It may have low ecological validity due to artificial conditions
• What situational factors did Asch identify that affected conformity levels?


  Group size, unanimity, and task difficulty
• How does group size affect conformity according to Asch's findings?


  Conformity increases with group size up to a point
• What effect does having a dissenter in the group have on conformity?


  It reduces conformity by breaking the group's unanimity
• How does task difficulty affect conformity?


  Conformity increases when the task is more difficult
• How does confidence affect conformity?


  Higher confidence leads to lower conformity levels
• What did Eagly and Carli (1981) find regarding gender differences in conformity?


  Differences in conformity were inconsistent across studies
• What did Eagly (1987) argue about gender and conformity?


  Women's social roles lead them to be more concerned with group harmony
• What was the aim of Zimbardo et al's (1973) study?


  To see if people would conform to assigned roles of prisoner or guard
• What was the method used in Zimbardo et al's (1973) study?


  Male students were randomly assigned as guards or prisoners in a mock prison
• What were the results of Zimbardo et al's (1973) study?


  Prisoners became passive and obedient, while guards became aggressive
• What conclusion can be drawn from Zimbardo et al's (1973) study?


  Social roles can significantly influence behavior
• What is a limitation of Zimbardo et al's (1973) study?


  It has not been truly replicated, raising questions about its reliability
• What did Reicher and Haslam (2006) aim to investigate?


  To develop the ideas in Zimbardo's study
• What is the definition of social roles?


  The behaviors that society expects from individuals in different positions
• How do social roles influence behavior?


  They shape behavior based on societal expectations
• What happens when individuals internalize the expectations of a social role?


  These expectations shape their behavior