The Nazi police state

• What was the purpose of the Nazi police state?

  To control what people said and did, punishing critics of the Nazis
• Who ran the SS and what color uniforms did they wear?

  Heinrich Himmler ran the SS, which wore black uniforms
• How many men were in the SS during the 1930s?

  240,000 men
• What was the role of the SD in the Nazi regime?

  To gather intelligence about the Nazis' opponents
• Who led the SD?

  Reinhard Heydrich
• What was the Gestapo?

  The Nazi secret police who spied on ordinary Germans
• Why were the Gestapo particularly feared?

  They didn't wear uniforms and could blend in with the public
• Who led the Gestapo?

  Initially by Hermann Goering, then by Reinhard Heydrich
• What were concentration camps created for?

  To deal with growing numbers of prisoners
• When was the first concentration camp opened and where?

  In 1933 at Dachau
• Who were housed in concentration camps?

  'Undesirables', minority groups, and political prisoners
• How did the Nazis gain control of the legal system?

  By forcing judges to join the Nazi League and abolishing trial by jury
• What was the People's Court created for?

  To hear cases of treason and impose the death penalty for political offences
• What was the concordat signed by Hitler in July 1933?

  An agreement with the Pope allowing Catholics to worship if they swore loyalty to the Nazis
• What did Hitler do after signing the concordat with the Pope?

  He broke the deal by arresting Catholic priests and closing Catholic schools
• Who led the Reich Church?

  Ludwig Müller
• What was the stance of some Protestants towards the Nazis?

  Some initially worked with the Nazis, while others spoke out against them
• Who was a notable Protestant who spoke out against the Nazis?

  Martin Niemöller