The reformation and crime

• What significant religious change occurred in the 16th century?

  The change from Catholic Christianity to Protestant Christianity
• How did the Reformation affect definitions of crime?

  It led to changing definitions of crime due to religious changes
• What was considered one of the most serious crimes during this period?

  Heresy
• What was the punishment for heresy?

  Burning at the stake
• Why did heresy become connected with treason in England after the Reformation?

  Because the monarch was also head of the Church
• What did Henry VIII do to Catholics who would not swear the Oath of Supremacy?

  Executed them
• What actions did Edward VI take against Catholics?

  Imprisoned and executed them for heresy
• How many people did Mary I execute as heretics for being Protestant?

  283 people
• What was the Act of Uniformity passed by Elizabeth I?

  It required everyone to attend Protestant church on Sundays or pay a fine
• What were those who refused to attend Protestant church called?

  Recusants
• How did Elizabeth I's enforcement of anti-Catholic laws change over time?

  She grew less tolerant after being excommunicated by the Pope in 1570
• What stricter anti-Catholic laws did James I introduce?

  The Popish Recusants Act of 1605
• What did the Popish Recusants Act of 1605 require from Catholics?

  To swear loyalty to the king and pay higher fines for not attending church
• How did the role of the monarch change after the Reformation in relation to the Church?

  The monarch became the head of the Church
• What was the significance of the monarch being the head of the Church after the Reformation?

  It meant that challenging the Church was equivalent to challenging the authority of the monarch