CARDIOVASCULAR 3

• Arteries of the upper limb arise from a continuation of the

  subclavian arteries
• Once the subclavian artery emerges from

  beneath the clavicle and crosses the first rib, its name changes

  to the axillary artery as it courses through the axillary region

  (armpit).
• Once the axillary artery reaches the inferior border of

  the teres major muscle, it becomes the brachial artery, which it-

  self divides into the ulnar and radial arteries in the cubital fossa
• The axillary artery begins at the 1st rib and descriptively is

  divided into three parts by the presence of the overlying pecto-

  ralis minor muscle.
• Supplies first two intercostal spaces


  SUPERIOR THORACIC
• Has clavicular, pectoral, deltoid, and

  acromial branches


  Thoraco-acromial
• Runs with long thoracic nerve and

  supplies muscles that it traverses

  lateral thoracic
• Divides into thoracodorsal and

  circumflex scapular branches


  subscapular
• Passes around surgical neck of

  humerus circumflex

  Anterior humeral circumflex
• Runs with axillary nerve through the

  quadrangular space to anastomose

  with anterior circumflex branch

  Posterior humeral circumflex
• The brachial artery is a direct continuation of the axillary artery

  inferior to the teres major muscle.
• Begins at inferior border of teres major and

  ends at its bifurcation in cubital fossa

  brachial
• Runs with radial nerve around humeral shaft


  deep artery of arm
• Runs with ulnar nerve

  Superior ulnar collateral
• Passes anterior to medial epicondyle

  of humerus

  Inferior ulnar collateral
• Is smaller lateral branch of brachial artery

  Radial
• Is larger medial branch of brachial artery


  Ulnar
• The brachial artery divides into the ulnar and radial arteries in the

  cubital fossa.
• Arises from brachial artery in cubital fossa

  Radial
• Anastomoses with radial collateral artery in arm

  Radial recurrent branch
• Anastomoses with carpal branch of ulnar artery

  Palmar carpal branch
• Arises from brachial artery in cubital fossa

  Ulnar
• Anastomoses with inferior ulnar collateral in arm

  Anterior ulnar recurrent
• Anastomoses with superior ulnar collateral

  in arm

  Posterior ulnar recurrent
• The ulnar and radial arteries anastomose in the palm of the

  hand by forming two palmar arches
• Forms superficial palmar arch with ulnar artery


  Superficial palmar branch
• Passes under flexor pollicis longus tendon and

  divides into two proper digital arteries to thumb

  princeps pollicis
• Passes to index finger on its lateral side

  Radialis indicis
• Is formed by terminal part of radial artery

  Deep palmar arch
• Forms deep palmar arch with radial artery

  Deep palmar branch
• is formed by termination of ulnar artery; gives

  rise to three common digital arteries, each of

  which gives rise to two proper digital arteries

  Superficial palmar arch
• arteries


  1. subclavian
  2. axillary
  3. brachial
  4. deep brachial
  5. radial
  6. ulnar
  7. deep palmar arch
  8. superficial palmar arch
• Arteries of the lower limb arise from the pelvis.
• The obturator artery arises from the internal iliac artery and supplies the medial compartment of the thigh
• The much larger femoral artery

  arises as a direct continuation of the external iliac artery as it

  passes beneath the inguinal ligament.
• Continuation of external iliac artery with numerous

  branches to perineum, hip, thigh, and knee

  Femoral
• Arises from internal iliac artery (pelvis); has anterior

  and posterior branches; passes through obturator

  foramen

  Obturator
• Arises from femoral artery; supplies hip and thigh

  Deep artery of thigh
• 
  

  the femoral artery passes through the adductor hiatus of the adductor magnus muscle to reach the posterior aspect of the knee, where it becomes the popliteal artery
• In the foot the anterior tibial artery forms an anastomosis around

  the ankle joint and continues on the dorsum of the foot as the

  dorsalis pedis artery