Solutions

• What distinguishes pure substances from other substances?

  All particles in a pure substance are identical
• What are the two main categories of matter?

  Pure substances and mixtures
• What are the subcategories of pure substances?

  • Elements
  • Compounds
• What is the smallest unit of an element?

  Atom
• What are the types of mixtures?

  • Homogeneous
  • Heterogeneous
• What are the characteristics of pure substances?

  Definite chemical and physical properties
• What defines an element?

  An element is made of one kind of atom
• What are the characteristics of nonmetals?

  • Dull
  • Poor conductors
  • Most are gases at room temperature
• What are the characteristics of metalloids?

  • Have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals
  • Act as semiconductors
• What are the characteristics of metals?

  • Shiny
  • Good conductors
  • Malleable
  • Ductile
• What defines a compound?


  A compound consists of more than one element that are chemically bonded
• What is a mixture?

  A mixture is two or more substances that are not chemically bonded
• What is a heterogeneous mixture?

  A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture that contains suspensions
• What are colloids?


  Colloids can be both heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures
• What defines a homogeneous mixture?

  A homogeneous mixture is also known as a solution, consisting of a solvent and solute
• What are the components of a solution?

  • Solvent (larger amount)
  • Solute (lesser amount)
• What is an unsaturated solution?

  An unsaturated solution is one where more solute can dissolve
• What is a saturated solution?

  A saturated solution is one where no more solute can dissolve
• What happens in a supersaturated solution?

  A supersaturated solution becomes unstable and crystals form
• What are the types of solutions based on saturation?

  • Unsaturated
  • Saturated
  • Supersaturated