Photosynthesis

• What is the process called that plants use to make food from sunlight?

  Photosynthesis
• What do the Greek words 'photo' and 'synthesis' mean?

  'Photo' means light and 'synthesis' means putting together
• How do plants breathe?

  Through tiny openings called stomata
• What gas do plants take in and what do they give out?

  They take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen
• What do leaves contain that helps in photosynthesis?

  Tiny pigments called chloroplasts
• What is the sugar produced by plants used for?

  As their food
• What is the overall process of photosynthesis?

  Using light to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen
• What starts off the food chain?

  Photosynthesis
• Stomata


  Takes in Carbon Dioxide

  Is the small hole in plants

  Absorbs light
• What are the three stages in Photosynthesis?

  Absorption - Raw materials are absorbed by the leaves and roots. The Xylem absorbs the water from the roots.

  Conversion - New chemical energy is temporarily stored in ATP & NADPH

  Storage - Glucose is then stored in the plant as starch for later use
• What is the pathway of water from the roots to the rest of the plant

  Xylem
• What is transformed into chemical energy called glucose as the food of the plant?


  Sunlight
• What are the raw materials needed in Photosynthesis?


  Sunlight - The main material needed

  Carbon Dioxide - Dissolves in the water when in the leaf and is stored in the form of carbonic acid

  Water - The sources of electrons and ions (H+ and OH-) needed in the synthesis of high-energy molecules
• Chloroplast - Where the process happens in which it turns the raw materials into sugar and oxygen
• Chlorophyll - pigment that gives the plants their green color
• Grana - Found in the inner membrane. It contains stacks of thylakoid disks containing chlorophyll where the light-dependent reaction happens.
• Stroma or Stomata -Matrix surrounding the grana. Takes in Carbon Dioxide and releases Oxygen. Production of glucose and oxygen.
• The chemical reaction

  Reactants - Carbon Dioxide and Water

  Sunlight splits the water and produces glucose as the end product and oxygen as a byproduct
• The Photosynthesis Reaction

  Light-dependent (photoreaction)

  • Converts light energy into chemical energy
  • Produces ATP and NADPH
  • Occurs in the thylakoids (chloroplast)
  • Produces oxygen
• The Photosynthesis Reaction

  Light-Independent (Calvin Cycle)

  • Uses ATP and NADPH as fuel to run
  • Makes glucose from CO2 and Hydrogen
  • Occurs in the stroma
  • PGA + NADPH + ATP = PGAL + NADP + ADP + H₂O