Cell Theory & Plant and Animal Cells

• What is the first part of cell theory?


  All organisms are made of cells.
• Who proposed that all organisms are made of cells?

  Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden.
• What does the second part of cell theory state?


  All existing cells are produced by other living cells.
• Who is associated with the statement that all existing cells are produced by other living cells?

  Rudolf Virchow.
• What is the third part of cell theory?


  The cell is the most basic unit of life.
• Who discovered that plants were made of cells?

  Matthias Schleiden.
• What year did Matthias Schleiden make his discovery about plant cells?


  1838.
• What did Theodor Schwann state about animals?


  All animals are made of cells.
• What year did Theodor Schwann state that all animals are made of cells?


  1839.
• What did William Henry Perkin develop in 1856?


  An intense purple dye used to stain slides.
• What is Rudolf Virchow known for stating in 1858?


  Where a cell exists, there must have been a preexisting cell.
• What is a cell?


  A basic and smallest structural unit capable of performing life functions.
• What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?


  Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
• What is an example of a unicellular organism?


  Bacteria.
• What defines a multicellular organism?


  An organism composed of two or more cells.
• What are the main parts of a cell and their functions?

  • Plasma membrane: Surrounds cells, acts like a gate.
  • Nucleus: Control center, holds DNA, essential for cell division.
  • Mitochondria: Powerhouse of the cell, provides energy.
  • Ribosome: Protein construction team.
  • Endoplasmic reticulum: Manufacturing and packaging system.
  • Golgi apparatus: Packaging organelle.
  • Lysosomes: Digestion machines, janitor of the cell.
  • Centrioles: Assist in cell division.
  • Cell wall: Found in plant cells, made of cellulose.
  • Chloroplasts: Food producers in plant cells.
• What is the function of the plasma membrane?


  It surrounds cells and acts like a gate.
• What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?


  It is the control center that holds DNA.
• What are mitochondria known as?


  The powerhouse of the cell.
• What is the function of ribosomes?


  They are responsible for protein construction.
• What does the endoplasmic reticulum do?


  It manufactures and packages proteins and liquids.
• What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?


  It packages vesicles.
• What are lysosomes referred to as?


  Little digestion machines or janitors of the cell.
• What is the role of centrioles in a cell?


  They help the cell in dividing.
• What is the cell wall made of and where is it found?


  It is made of cellulose and only found around plant cells.
• What are chloroplasts known for?


  They are food producers found only in plant cells.
• What are the differences between plant and animal cells?

  Plant Cells:

  • Have a cell wall
  • Contain chloroplasts
  • Have a central vacuole

  
  

  Animal Cells:

  • Have small or no vacuoles
  • Contain centrioles and centrosomes
  • May have flagella
• What organelles are common to both plant and animal cells?

  • Ribosomes
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Plasma Membrane
  • Golgi Apparatus
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus