Civics

• Why do democratic rights need to be protected?


  To ensure the freedoms and rights of individuals are maintained in society
• What does the right to freedom of association protect?


  The right to form and join associations to pursue common goals
• Give two examples of associations protected by the right to freedom of association.


  Political parties and trade unions
• What are trade unions?


  Organizations formed by workers to protect their rights and interests
• Why are trade unions considered beneficial?


  They protect workers' rights and improve working conditions
• Why might someone want to prevent people from joining organizations like unions?


  To maintain control over the workforce or limit dissent
• What does the right to peaceful assembly protect?


  The right of individuals and groups to meet and engage in peaceful protest
• How does dissent relate to freedom of assembly?


  Dissent involves expressing opinions that differ from the majority, which can occur during peaceful assemblies
• What is a limitation on freedoms during a public emergency?


  Measures may be taken that are strictly required by the nature of the situation
• What must limitations on freedoms not involve?


  Discrimination solely on the grounds of race, color, sex, language, religion, or social origin
• What are some reasons freedoms may be restricted?

  National security, public safety, public order, and protection of others' rights
• Name one example of a protest that can be analyzed for freedom of assembly.

  Black Lives Matter 2020
• Why do democratic rights need to be protected?


  To ensure the freedoms and rights of individuals are upheld in society
• What is the significance of Freedom of Religion in Australia?


  • Australia is a multicultural society.
  • Australians can practice various faiths or none.
  • Freedom of religion is protected but not comprehensively in the Constitution.
• What does Section 116 of the Australian Constitution prevent?


  It prevents the federal government from establishing any religion.
• What are the four prohibitions outlined in Section 116 of the Australian Constitution?


  Establishing any religion, imposing religious observance, prohibiting free exercise of religion, requiring a religious test.
• To whom does the protection of Section 116 apply?


  It applies only to the federal government.
• What principle prevents religious institutions from influencing government decisions in Australia?


  This principle is known as secularism or the separation of Church and State.
• How does Australia balance freedom of religion with other rights and laws?


  • Freedom of religion is balanced against public safety, order, health, and rights of others.
  • Religious practices can be restricted if they conflict with these laws.
• What types of religious practices might be restricted in Australia?

  Practices that involve illegal activities like violence or discrimination.
• What are some examples of anti-discrimination laws in Australia related to religion?

  • Racial Discrimination Act 1975
  • Sex Discrimination Act 1984
  • Prevent discrimination based on religion in employment, education, and services.
• What exemptions do religious schools in Australia have under anti-discrimination laws?


  They can make employment or enrolment decisions based on religious criteria.
• Why is freedom of speech important in a democracy?


  It allows individuals to express information, opinions, and beliefs without fear of government punishment.
• What forms can freedom of speech take?


  It includes spoken words, written ideas, and artistic expressions like political cartoons.
• How does freedom of speech contribute to societal participation?


  It enables individuals to express opinions and debate important issues.
• Who does the right to freedom of speech extend to in Australia?


  It extends to the media, opposition political parties, and any group expressing opinions about the government.
• What are the values associated with Australia's freedom of speech?


  It allows expression as long as it does not negatively impact others' lives or reputations.
• What can happen when freedom of speech becomes dangerous?


  It can lead to the encouragement of violence, terrorism, or harm to others.
• What are the bounds of law for freedom of speech in Australia?


  It includes criminal laws, anti-discrimination laws, media laws, and information laws.
• What is illegal under criminal laws regarding freedom of speech?


  It is illegal to encourage violence, terrorism, or harm to others.
• What do anti-discrimination laws prohibit in terms of freedom of speech?


  They prohibit spreading information or opinions that are offensive or harmful to specific groups.
• What must Australian media obey regarding freedom of speech?


  They must obey classification laws to prevent extreme or obscene content from being shown without warning.
• What do information laws state about journalists in Australia?


  Journalists cannot publish personal information without permission.
• What are the limits on freedom of speech in Australia?

  • Hate speech: Speech that incites violence or prejudicial action against a particular group.
  • Bullying and harassment: Speech that targets individuals to intimidate or harm them.
  • Defamation: False statements that damage a person's reputation.
  • Obscenity: Offensive content that violates community standards.
• Who is Pauline Hanson?


  She is the leader of the One Nation Party and a senator in Australia.
• What controversial action did Pauline Hanson take in Parliament in 2017?


  She wore a burqa to call for a ban on the garment.
• What did Pauline Hanson claim in her maiden speech in 1996?


  She claimed Australia was in danger of being swamped by Asians and called for the abolition of multiculturalism.
• What has Pauline Hanson said about Indigenous Australians?


  She has questioned the validity of their land rights and opposed policies addressing Indigenous disadvantage.
• What is parliamentary privilege?


  It is a set of legal rights that protect members of parliament from outside interference.
• What does parliamentary privilege include?


  It includes freedom of speech, protection from liability, and the right to regulate their own affairs.