CHARGES ON IONS

• What charge do metal ions typically have?


  Positive
• What charge do most non-metal ions have?


  Negative
• How can you relate charges on ions to groups in the periodic table?


  The charge on a metal ion often corresponds to its group number.
• What is the general pattern for the charges of metal ions in the periodic table?


  • Group 1 metals form +1 ions
  • Group 2 metals form +2 ions
  • Group 3 metals form +3 ions
• What is the charge of a sodium ion?


  +1
• What is the charge of an aluminium ion?


  +3
• Which group do lithium and potassium belong to, and what charge do they form?


  Group 1, forming +1 ions
• Which group do beryllium and calcium belong to, and what charge do they form?


  Group 2, forming +2 ions
• Which group do gallium and indium belong to, and what charge do they form?


  Group 3, forming +3 ions
• Why do transition metals not follow the same pattern for ion charges?


  They can form several different ions.
• What are the charges of iron ions?


  +2 and +3
• What are the charges of copper ions?


  +1 and +2
• What is the charge of the oxide ion?


  • 2
• What is the charge of the fluoride ion?


  • 1
• How does the charge of the sulfide ion relate to its group in the periodic table?


  It is in group 6 and forms a -2 ion.
• What are the two positive non-metal ions mentioned?

  Hydrogen ion (H+) and ammonium ion (NH4+)
• What is the formula for sodium sulfate?


  Na2SO4
• What is the formula for calcium hydroxide?


  Ca(OH)2
• What should you be able to describe by the end of the video?

  How metal ions are positive and most non-metal ions are negative.
• What is the next topic to be covered in the following video?

  Working out the formula of ionic compounds.
• What is the general location of metals and non-metals in the periodic table?


  Metals are on the left and non-metals are on the right.
• How do the charges of metal ions differ from those of non-metal ions?


  Metal ions are positive, while most non-metal ions are negative.